Expression Profiling of Starchy Endosperm Metabolic Proteins at 21 Stages of Wheat Grain Development

Abstract

Proteomic analysis of albumins and globulins (alg) present in starchy endosperm of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv Récital), at 21 stages of grain development, led to the identification of 487 proteins. Four main developmental phases of these metabolic proteins, with three subphases in phase three and two in phase four, were shown. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed nine major expression profiles throughout grain development. Classification of identified proteins in 17 different biochemical functions provided a uniform picture of temporal coordination among cellular processes. Proteins involved in cell division, transcription/translation, ATP interconversion, protein synthesis, protein transport, along with amino acid, lipid, carbohydrate and nucleotide metabolisms were highly expressed in early and early mid stages of development. Protein folding, cytoskeleton, and storage proteins peaked during the middle of grain development, while in later stages stress/defense, folic acid metabolism, and protein turn over were the abundant functional categories. Detailed analysis of stress/defense enzymes revealed three different evolutionary profiles. A global map with their predicted subcellular localizations and placement in grain developmental scale was constructed. The present study of complete grain development enriched our knowledge on proteome expression of alg, successively from endosperm cell division and differentiation to programmed cell death.

A proteomics survey on wheat susceptibility to Fusarium head blight during grain development

“…To investigate which biological processes the differentially regulated proteins may be involved in, we classified proteins according to the functional categories previously defined in the functional catalogue recently published (Tasleem-Tahir et al 2012). In our study, responsive proteins to Fg infection belonged to five main functional groups including primary metabolism (60 %), translation, cell cycle and DNA repair (19 %), stress and defence (15 %), transport (5 %) and signalling (1 %) (Table 1, Fig.…”

“…Additionally, the number of proteins which were up-regulated was larger than the number of down-regulated proteins while the two other stages (3 dai and 14 dai) included mainly down-regulated ones. Cell differentiation stage is a hinge step to reach grain filling (Tasleem-Tahir et al 2012) and obviously a key step in the infectious process. Most of the metabolic changes and cell process-related adjustments (transport, translation DNA processing and oxidative stress) triggered by Fg were detected at this stage (Fig.…”

Modelling water absorption of wheat flour by taking into consideration of the soluble protein and arabinoxylan components

“…The knowledge about 'soluble proteins' -albumins and globulins -significantly enlarged in the last decade, and the latest reviews (Shewry et al 2009;Juhász et al 2013a) on wheat proteins now provide detailed information about their numerous subclasses, structure, function in the grain and their contribution to end-use quality of wheat. This increased interest is partly related to the fact that the novel protein separation techniques such as 2-D DIGE, 2-D electrophoresis or MALDI-TOF (Gao et al 2009) applied in proteomic experiments (reviewed recently by Juhász et al 2013b) provide enough resolution to separate these proteins for their identification and this resolution shows inter-cultivars differences (Vu et al 2013) and alterations during endosperm development (Tasleem-Tahir et al 2012).…”

“…Proteomic analysis of albumins and globulins present in starchy endosperm of wheat led to the identification of 487 proteins (Tasleem-Tahir et al 2012). In order to relate water absorption to any soluble proteins there is no need for a very sophisticated protein separation techniques as the overall size and/or the surface properties of the proteins provide an adequate information about the amount of water required for the full hydration.…”

dbWFA: a web-based database for functional annotation of Triticum aestivum transcripts

“…750–900°Cdays after anthesis) (48, 49). The transitions between these phases are associated with major changes in the grain transcriptome (5, 36, 50, 51) and proteome (52, 53). …”