Extended Graphical Approach for the Deployment of Negative Emission Technologies

Abstract

It is critical to limit global warming to 1.5 °C by the year 2100 to minimize catastrophic impacts. The increased integration of renewable energy, alongside CO2 capture and storage (CCS) deployment in energy planning, remains as a key mitigation technique in minimizing climate change impacts. Although renewable energy generation approaches the ideal of a carbon-neutral system, other processes such as fossil fuel-based generation, manufacturing, and transportation are net-carbon positive. Additionally, renewable energy poses challenges such as its sensitivity to environmental conditions, geographical location, and seasonal changes. On the other hand, CCS entails a high capital expenditure, as well as additional operating costs due to parasitic power loss. Therefore, the deployment of negative emission technologies (NETs) as a carbon management option is imperative. The generation of electricity from power plants with the installation of NETs can offset positive emissions from elsewhere in a system. This paper presents an extended graphical technique for the incorporation of NETs during energy planning. The graphical technique that was originally developed for the planning of CCS deployment in power plants is now extended to determine the minimum NET requirement during energy planning. Three examples are solved to illustrate the methodology of the extended graphical technique in determining the minimum NET requirement during energy planning.

CO2 Storage Behavior in Nanopores: Implications for CO2 Sequestration in Ultra-Tight Geological Formations

“…Global warming is recognized as the main inherent cause responsible for climate change, rapid rise in sea level, and related harms to the environment. , In addition, the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 300 to 385 ppm, the highest content in the past 2.1 million years, triggers the global warming issues. , As a result, reducing CO 2 in the atmosphere is the inevitable way to protect the environment where all lives on earth rely on. Several approaches have been proposed to achieve CO 2 reduction, such as directly adsorbing CO 2 in the air using highly specific surface materials, CO 2 geological sequestration, and enhancing oil recovery by injecting CO 2 into oil formation .…”

Optimization and decision support models for deploying negative emissions technologies

“…For example, CEPA has been extended to the planning of CCS systems [83] and more recently to NETs deployment planning (see Fig 3A; [84]). Derivative graphical [84,85] and algebraic techniques [86] have been proposed for the optimum deployment of NETs. A CEPA study of the UK's decarbonization concluded that net-zero emissions can be achieved with BECCS [87].…”

DECO2—An Open-Source Energy System Decarbonisation Planning Software including Negative Emissions Technologies

“…Note that these technologies are not plant-specific. Instead, the cumulative deployment of these mitigation technologies is determined for period k. The deployment of renewable energy source r (FC k,r ), EP-NETs technology p (FEP k,p ) and EC-NETs technology q (FEC k,q ) in period k are constrained by the availability of each technology, as demonstrated in Equation ( 16), Equation (17) and Equation (18), respectively:…”

“…In the past, mathematical programming and pinch-based approaches were developed to consider the deployment of NETs during carbon-constrained energy planning. For the latter approach, the graphical targeting technique [6] was extended to incorporate EP-NETs during energy planning [17]. Recognising that a portfolio of NETs would be required to accelerate CDR, this work was later revamped for the combined deployment of both EP-NETs and EC-NETs [18].…”