“…One proposal that has received considerable attention is that plasticity is driven by the functional consequences of tool use. Indeed, representational plasticity has been found following active use (Bonifazi, Farnè, Rinaldesi, & Làdavas, 2007;Farnè et al, 2005;Farnè & Làdavas, 2000;Maravita, Clarke, Husain, & Driver, 2002;Maravita, Spence, et al, 2002;Serino, Bassolino, Farnè, & Làdavas, 2007), and in preparation to use the tool (Costantini, Ambrosini, Sinigaglia, & Gallese, 2011;Holmes, Calvert, & Spence, 2007;Witt, Proffitt, & Epstein, 2005), but not when the tool was passively held (Kao & Goodale, 2009;Maravita, Spence, et al, 2002).…”