Extended-Release Guanfacine for Hyperactivity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Scahill, Lawrence David; McCracken, James T.; King, Bryan H.; Rockhill, Carol; Shah, Bhavik; Politte, Laura C.; Sanders, Roy; Minjarez, Mendy; Cowen, Jennifer; Mullett, Jennifer; Page, Chris; Ward, Denise; Deng, Yanhong; Loo, Sandra K.; Dziura, James; McDougle, Christopher J.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15010055

Cited by 158 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The sample of 658 children (585 males and 97 females, aged 3-17 years) with ASD were participants in one of six multisite RCT 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 . Table 1 shows key characteristics of the six studies, including treatment targets, entry criteria, and key outcome measures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploration of concomitant psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder

Lecavalier

McCracken

Aman

et al. 2019

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploration of concomitant psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder

Lecavalier

McCracken

Aman

et al. 2019

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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“…For the purpose of this study, we focus on weeks 1 and 8 of the smartphone data to align with questionnaire data and clinical protocols [Scahill et al, ]. During weeks 1 and 8, caregivers were told to complete questions about their child every day on the smartphone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo‐like response in absence of treatment in children with Autism

et al. 2017

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Caregiver report is the most common measure of change in pediatric psychiatry. Yet, placebo response rates pose significant challenges to reliably detect a treatment response. The present study simulated an eight-week clinical trial protocol for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) for the purpose of testing the feasibility and validity of several outcome measures. Twenty caregivers answered questions about their child's behavior on their smartphone each week and completed a battery of paper questionnaires during weeks one and eight. No treatment was administered. Caregivers reported a significant decrease in problem behaviors on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) (29% decrease) and general ASD behaviors on the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) (7% decrease). There was also a trend of behavior improvement from smartphone questions but no significant changes in clinical ratings of core diagnostic features of ASD. Participation in a comprehensive protocol in the absence of a particular treatment significantly influenced how caregivers perceived the severity of their children's problem behaviors. These placebo-like effects represent substantial challenges for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that use treatment as usual and have implications for future behavioral and pharmacological treatment trial designs. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1567-1572. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…The present study addressed whether the current LENA software algorithm would accurately detect vocalizations in children and adolescents with autism beyond preschool age. We focused on 5–18 years of age because these children are often the target age for clinical trials [Berry‐Kravis et al, ; Scahill et al, ; Veenstra‐VanderWeele et al, ] and there is a significant need for direct measurements of language from this age cohort. We leveraged expressive language samples collected from children with autism from Boston University (study 1) and Weill Cornell Medicine (study 2), who had varying levels of language, across two environmental settings: the lab/clinic (study 1 and 2) and the home (study 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How effective is LENA in detecting speech vocalizations and language produced by children and adolescents with ASD in different contexts?

Jones

Skwerer

Pawar³

et al. 2019

Autism Research

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The LENA system was designed and validated to provide information about the language environment in children 0 to 4 years of age and its use has been expanded to populations with a number of communication profiles. Its utility in children 5 years of age and older is not yet known. The present study used acoustic data from two samples of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to evaluate the reliability of LENA automated analyses for detecting speech utterances in older, school age children, and adolescents with ASD, in clinic and home environments. Participants between 5 and 18 years old who were minimally verbal (study 1) or had a range of verbal abilities (study 2) completed standardized assessments in the clinic (study 1 and 2) and in the home (study 2) while speech was recorded from a LENA device. We compared LENA segment labels with manual ground truth coding by human transcribers using two different methods. We found that the automated LENA algorithms were not successful (<50% reliable) in detecting vocalizations from older children and adolescents with ASD, and that the proportion of speaker misclassifications by the automated system increased significantly with the target‐child's age. The findings in children and adolescents with ASD suggest possibly misleading results when expanding the use of LENA beyond the age ranges for which it was developed and highlight the need to develop novel automated methods that are more appropriate for older children. Autism Research 2019, 12: 628–635. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Current commercially available speech detection algorithms (LENA system) were previously validated in toddlers and children up to 48 months of age, and it is not known whether they are reliable in older children and adolescents. Our data suggest that LENA does not adequately capture speech in school age children and adolescents with autism and highlights the need to develop new automated methods for older children.

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Extended-Release Guanfacine for Hyperactivity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract: Extended-release guanfacine appears to be safe and effective for reducing hyperactivity, impulsiveness, and distractibility in children with ASD.

Cited by 158 publications

References 35 publications

An exploration of concomitant psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder

An exploration of concomitant psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder

Placebo‐like response in absence of treatment in children with Autism

How effective is LENA in detecting speech vocalizations and language produced by children and adolescents with ASD in different contexts?

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