Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing&lt;i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Escherichia&lt;/i&gt; coli&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt; klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; in diabetic foot infection

Varaiya, A; Dogra, J; Kulkarni, M; Bhalekar, Pallavi

doi:10.4103/0255-0857.42056

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…ESBLs are encoded by transferable conjugative plasmids which often code for resistance to other antibiotics as well 7 . Being plasmid mediated, they are easily transmitted among the members of Enterobacteriaceae family, thus facilitating the dissemination of resistance not only to β-lactams but also to other commonly used antibiotics such as quinolones and aminoglycosides 9 . Major risk factors for colonization or infection with ESBL producing organisms are prolonged exposure to antibiotics, prolonged ICU stay, nursing home residency, severe illness, catheterization, instrumental intervention and residence in an institution with high rate of use of third generation cephalosporins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase Production Amongst Gram Negative Bacilli Isolated From Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Bihar

Nandan¹,

Dey²,

Kumar³

et al. 2012

jemds

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BACKGROUND: Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that have the ability to hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics containing oxyimino group and are inhibited by βlactamase inhibitors. These enzymes are responsible for resistance to penicillins, monobactams, third generation and in some instances fourth generation cephalosporins. ESBLs are encoded by transferable conjugative plasmids that often code for resistance to other antibiotics as well. OBJECTIVE: This prospective study aimed to determine ESBL production in Gram negative bacteria in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in eastern Bihar. METHOD: A total of 556 samples from patients attending inpatient and outpatient departments from May 2009 to April 2010 were included in the study. Samples were processed as per standard protocol and antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by modified Kirby-Bauer method. Isolates showing resistance to any third generation cephalosporin were subjected to Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST), Phenotypic Confirmatory Disc Diffusion Test (PCDDT) and MIC reduction test for ESBL production. RESULTS: 42.62% of Gram negative bacilli were ESBL producers. 56.3% of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were found to be ESBL producers whereas only 40.5% of Escherichia coli produced ESBL. PCDDT and MIC reduction test showed 100% correlation whereas the DDST failed to detect 13.5% of ESBL producers. All ESBL producers were sensitive to Imipenem and Cefoperazone/ Sulbactam. CONCLUSION: The present study gives us an indication regarding the occurrence of ESBL producing Gram negative bacilli in Eastern Bihar. The number of ESBL producers in this region is alarmingly large. It is therefore recommended that PCDDT be incorporated in all laboratories as a part of routine antibiotic susceptibility testing procedures as it is simple, reliable and reproducible test for detection of ESBLs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase Production Amongst Gram Negative Bacilli Isolated From Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Bihar

Nandan¹,

Dey²,

Kumar³

et al. 2012

jemds

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“…Several antibiotics that were effective at the beginning of the study in 2016 were ineffective in subsequent years. Like Klebsiella and Proteus , which were once relatively susceptible to a wide range of antibiotics but no longer are, other species may now produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or carbapenemases, rendering them resistant to most of the commonly used drugs ( 30 , 31 ). A major reason for the emergence of these resistant organisms may be inappropriate, typically unnecessary, and overly prolonged antibiotic treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Profile of Microbiological Pathogens in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Chai

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Med.

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Diabetic foot, a main complication of diabetes mellitus, renders the foot susceptible to infection, and may eventually lead to non-traumatic limb amputation due to the deterioration of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Characterizing the pathogen spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility is critical for the effective treatment of DFUs. In the current study, the characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of the pathogen spectrum were analyzed. Secretions from the DFUs of 102 patients were cultured, and dominant pathogens were identified by using test cards. Antibiotic susceptibility of dominant pathogens was assayed by the Kirby–Bauer assay. We found that the dominant pathogens varied with age, duration of diabetes, blood sugar control, and the initial cause of ulcers. Moreover, the dominant pathogens were susceptible to at least one antibiotic. However, the antibacterial efficacy of several commonly used antibiotics decreased from 2016 to 2019. Our study indicates that the identification of dominant pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility testing is essential for the treatment of DFUs with effective antibiotics, while the abuse of antibiotics should be strictly restrained to reduce the generation of antibiotic-resistant strains.

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