Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and/or Carbapenemases-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Retail Chicken Meat in Zagazig, Egypt

Abstract

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and to characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamases- and/or carbapenemases-producing Enterobacteriaceae among Enterobacteriaceae isolated from retail chicken meat in Zagazig, Egypt.MethodsOne hundred and six Enterobacteriaceae isolates were collected from retail chicken meat samples purchased in Zagazig, Egypt in 2013. Species identification was done by MALDI-TOF MS. Screening for ESBL-E was performed by inoculation of isolates recovered from meat samples onto the EbSA (Cepheid Benelux, Apeldoorn, the Netherlands) selective screening agar. ESBL production was confirmed by combination disc diffusion test with clavulanic acid (Rosco, Taastrup, Denmark). Carbapenemases production was confirmed with double disk synergy tests. Resistance genes were characterized by PCR with specific primers for TEM, SHV, and CTX-M and carbapenemases (KPC, NDM, OXA-48, IMP and VIM). PCR products of CTX-M genes were purified and sequenced. Phylogenetic grouping of E. coli was performed by a PCR-based method.ResultsOf these 106 isolates 69 (65.09%) were ESBL producers. Twelve (11.32%) of these isolates were also phenotypically class B carbapenemases producer. TEM genes were detected in 61 (57.55%) isolates. 49 (46.23%) isolates harbored CTX-M genes, and 25 (23.58%) carried genes of the SHV family. All CPE belonged to the NDM group. The predominant CTX-M sequence type was CTX-M-15 (89.80%). The majority (80%) of the ESBL-EC belonged to low virulence phylogroups A and B1.ConclusionsThis is the first study from Egypt reporting high rates of ESBLs and carbapenemases (65.09% and 11.32%, respectively) in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from retail chicken meat. These results raise serious concerns about public health and food safety as retail meat could serve as a reservoir for these resistant bacteria which could be transferred to humans through the food chain.

Characterization of Extended Spectrum Β‐Lactamase Producing Enterobacteria and Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Raw Pork and Cooked Pork Products in South China

“…Similar to previous studies, the most frequently detected ESBL types in this study were TEM, followed by CTX‐M‐1, CTX‐M‐9, and SHV (Abdallah and others ; Le and others ). It worth noting that 1 ESBL‐EC strain carrying CTX‐M‐9 isolated from cooked pork products in this study was transferable to E. coli J53.…”

Genetic elements associated with antimicrobial resistance among avian pathogenic Escherichia coli

“…This represents a serious public health threats attributed to the ability of these bacteria to hydrolyze third-generation cephalosporins that are commonly used to treat serious infections and the potential transfer and spread of these resistance genes to human through food chain, direct contact, or the environment [36–38]. The higher frequency of CTX-M-1-group in this study supports recent reports that postulated this group to the most predominant CTX-M group among ESβL-producing APEC in Egypt or worldwide [5, 39, 40]. …”

Outbreak of NDM-1-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Dutch Hospital, with Interspecies Transfer of the Resistance Plasmid and Unexpected Occurrence in Unrelated Health Care Centers

“…Similar to K. pneumoniae and E. coli, all the other species carried the variant of plasmid pNDM-US lacking the aac(6=)-1B-cr gene. An NDM-1-positive C. freundii isolate was 12 of 100 tested carcasses were contaminated with CPE isolates, 11 of which were K. pneumoniae (15). The contamination of meat with CPE has not been described in the Netherlands, but several reports have shown high prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (16,17).…”