Extended validation of a senstive and robust method for simultaneous quantification of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in Brazil nuts by HPLC-FLD

Campos, Willison Eduardo Oliveira; Rosas, Larissa B.; Neto, A.P.N.; Mello, Ricardo A.; Vasconcelos, Arthur Abinader

doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2017.03.014

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The production area of this seed in the Amazon region comprises 325 million hectares, generating 40 643 tons of Brazil nuts in 2015 with a production value of US$ 35.8 million . Approximately 40% of this production is exported and the main importers are the United States, Germany and Spain …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Approximately 40% of this production is exported and the main importers are the United States, Germany and Spain. 4,5 Harvest of Brazil nuts is performed mainly by under-privileged families, using little technology, which results in a high incidence of microbial contamination. 6 The high humidity and temperatures of the Amazon region in combination with the transport of the nuts in precarious trucks set up ideal conditions for fungal development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fumigation of Brazil nuts with allyl isothiocyanate to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and aflatoxin production

et al. 2017

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fumigation of Brazil nuts with allyl isothiocyanate to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and aflatoxin production

et al. 2017

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“…The natural adverse environmental conditions together with improper long-term storage are the major factors responsible for the presence of Aspergillus in food products (Campos et al, 2017;Burger et al, 2013). The Aspergillus contamination of cereals at different stages of the production chain such as pre-harvest, harvest, and post-harvest handling in Africa have been widely reported (Smith et al, 2016;Atanda et al, 2011).…”

Section: Molecular Identification Of Isolatementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of aflatoxins levels and molecular identification of toxigenic molds in cereals and cereal-derived breakfast foods in Nigeria

Odo¹,

Azi²,

Alaka³

et al. 2019

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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In the last decade, there have been an increase in safety concerns on the aflatoxins contents of cereals and cereal-derived food products in Nigeria. In the current study, evaluation of aflatoxins levels and molecular identification of toxigenic molds recovered from cereals and cereal-derived foods products in Nigeria were studied. Enzyme Link Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were used for qualitative and quantitative aflatoxins evaluation, respectively. The result showed that aflatoxins were detected in 53 out of the 120 samples of the cereals and their products studied. The detected levels of aflatoxins in some of the samples were over the permissible (4 μg/kg) as recommended by relevant food regulatory authorities. Aflatoxins B 1 , B 2 , G 1 , and G 2 were all detected in the sample, aflatoxin B 1 was the most predominant in the samples. Aspergillus flavus (AZ19), was isolated and identified as the major contaminating mold. Thus, findings of this research provide strong evidence that incidence of aflatoxins contamination of food crops still remain a major problem in Nigeria agricultural sector.

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“…One kind of the most common mycotoxins produced by fungi are aflatoxins, [4][5][6][7] which are mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Aflatoxins mainly include AFG 2 , AFG 1 , AFB 2 and AFB 1 , with AFB 1 as one of the most toxic substances [8][9][10][11] with carcinogenic, hepatotoxic, mutagenic and nephrotoxic properties and are defined as Group I carcinogens to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 1993. [12] With the internationalization development of herbal medicines, the monitoring of aflatoxins in herbal medicines is attracting more public attention to ensure the quality and safety of them, as well as the consumers' health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer rates of aflatoxins from herbal medicines to decoctions determined by an optimized high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection method

Nian

Wang

Ying

et al. 2018

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Objectives This study aimed to explore the transfer rates of aflatoxins from several contaminated herbal medicines by fungi to their decoctions. Methods Five types of commonly used herbal medicines including Lilii Bulbus, Hordei Fructus Germinatus, Nelumbinis Semen, Polygalae Radix and Bombyx Batryticatus were selected as the examples. Raw herbal medicine samples were treated by ultrasonication-assisted extraction with 70% methanol and immunoaffinity column clean-up, and the decoctions were prepared following the commonly used boiling method with water for 2 h. Then, the optimized high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) method was validated for the quantitative analysis of four aflatoxins (AFG 2 , AFG 1 , AFB 2 and AFB 1 ) after postcolumn photochemical derivatization, which was proved to be reliable and sensitive. Key findings Aflatoxins were detected to be transferred from the herbal medicines to decoctions with significantly different transfer rates in the five types of herbal medicines. Quietly high transfer rates of 7.26-115.36% for AFG 2 , 4.37-26.37% for AFB 1 and 9.64-47.68% for AFB 2 were obtained. AFB 1 as the most toxic aflatoxin expressed the lowest transfer rate, but still exhibited high amount in the samples. Conclusions Therefore, the monitoring of aflatoxins in herbal medicines and their decoctions is in great urgency to ensure the security of consumers taking decoctions.

show abstract

Extended validation of a senstive and robust method for simultaneous quantification of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in Brazil nuts by HPLC-FLD

Cited by 39 publications

References 36 publications

Fumigation of Brazil nuts with allyl isothiocyanate to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and aflatoxin production

Fumigation of Brazil nuts with allyl isothiocyanate to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and aflatoxin production

Evaluation of aflatoxins levels and molecular identification of toxigenic molds in cereals and cereal-derived breakfast foods in Nigeria

Transfer rates of aflatoxins from herbal medicines to decoctions determined by an optimized high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection method

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