“…In general, previous studies on brand extensions relied on two important factors related to the success of brand extension. The first relates to the characteristics of a parent brand, such as perceived quality, wide/narrow brand (brand breadth), and the number of extension (e.g., Bottomley & Doyle, 1996;Broniarcyk & Alba, 1994;Sheinin & Schmitt, 1994). The other is the use of either consumer attitude or market performance as indicators for evaluating the relationship between a parent brand and its extensions (e.g., Aaker & Keller, 1990;Bhat & Reddy, 1997;Chakravarti et al 1990;Sunde & Brodie, 1993).…”