Extent of Nitrate and Nitrite Pollution in Ground Water of Rural Areas of Lucknow, U.P., India

Verma, Anjali; Rawat, Amit; More, Nandkishor

doi:10.12944/cwe.9.1.17

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The main forms of nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems are total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 + –N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 − –N and NO 2 − –N) [ 1 ]. In recent years, excess nitrogen in water bodies, especially NO 3 − –N, has led to major ecological problems [ 2 ]. In addition, NO 3 − –N in drinking water can be converted to NO 2 − –N by the commensal bacteria in the mouth and digestive tract, which is harmful to the health of adults and children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Determination of Nitrate in Water Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy Coupled with Deconvolution Algorithm

Gan

et al. 2020

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy has been used to determine the nitrate content in aqueous solutions. However, the conventional water deduction algorithm indicated considerable limits in the analysis of samples with low nitrate concentration. In this study, FTIR-ATR spectra of nitrate solution samples with high and low concentrations were obtained, and the spectra were then pre-processed with deconvolution curve-fitting (without water deduction) combined with partial least squares regression (PLSR) to predict the nitrate content. The results show that the typical absorption of nitrate (1200−1500 cm−1) did not clearly align with the conventional algorithm of water deduction, while this absorption was obviously observed through the deconvolution algorithm. The first principal component of the spectra, which explained more than 95% variance, was linearly related to the nitrate content; the correlation coefficient (R2) of the PLSR model for the high-concentration group was 0.9578, and the ratio of the standard deviation of the prediction set to that of the calibration set (RPD) was 4.22, indicating excellent prediction performance. For the low-concentration group model, R2 and RPD were 0.9865 and 3.15, respectively, which also demonstrated significantly improved prediction capability. Therefore, FTIR-ATR spectroscopy combined with deconvolution curve-fitting can be conducted to determine the nitrate content in aqueous solutions, thus facilitating rapid determination of nitrate in water bodies with varied concentrations.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Determination of Nitrate in Water Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy Coupled with Deconvolution Algorithm

Gan

et al. 2020

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…P mining from P rocks and P fertilizer is a cause of water pollution. Too much N and phosphorous in water cause algae to grow and lead to the eutrophication phenomenon (Verma et al 2014). Va et al (2018) reported that domestic wastewater generated from various types of buildings had been recognized to be different to some extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Spatial Pollution Compounds to Eutrophication Phenomenon of Small-Scale Area under Corona Virus Disease Circumstances

Chetia

Sawasdee

Popradit

et al. 2021

J. Environ Manag Tour

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research aims to study the alteration of spatial pollution compounds to the eutrophication phenomenon in water resources during the COVID-19 situation. Sixteen water resources were monitored to examine the impact of spatial pollution compound on eutrophication phenomenon discovered from the activities of the Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage. The analytical parameters were DO, nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), ammonia (NH3), phosphate (PO4-), and Total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) collected in three months (November 2020, January 2021, and March 2021). This research has presented the differences in water resource characters in three months and the positive impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on wastewater. The total nitrogen was highest in November 2020 when compared with that of in January and March 2021 because it was a ‘normal situation’ (no lockdown) in November. The student, officer, lecturer, and government visitors came to use the facilities of the university. The results of total kjeldahl nitrogen showed a high range during the working period. The effect of P was higher on the water bodies in November than January and March because in November was a normal situation (no lockdown). The N:P ratio showed different trends to the eutrophication phenomenon with nitrogen and phosphate. Therefore, a comparison between a situation with lockdown and no lockdown showed that the lockdown situation was environment friendly. Finally, the results also confirm an improvement in environmental quality, which happened when humans were absent, especially in coronavirus circumstances.

show abstract

A large-scale investigation of the quality of groundwater in six major districts of Central India during the 2010–2011 sampling campaign

Khare

2017

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper investigates the groundwater quality in six major districts of Madhya Pradesh in central India, namely, Balaghat, Chhindwara, Dhar, Jhabua, Mandla, and Seoni during the 2010-2011 sampling campaign, and discusses improvements made in the supplied water quality between the years 2011 and 2017. Groundwater is the main source of water for a combined rural population of over 7 million in these districts. Its contamination could have a huge impact on public health. We analyzed the data collected from a large-scale water sampling campaign carried out by the Public Health Engineering Department (PHED), Government of Madhya Pradesh between 2010 and 2011 during which all rural tube wells and dug wells were sampled in these six districts. Eight hundred thirty-one dug wells and 47,606 tube wells were sampled in total and were analyzed for turbidity, hardness, iron, nitrate, fluoride, chloride, and sulfate ion concentrations. Our study found water in 21 out of the 228 dug wells in Chhindwara district unfit for drinking due to fluoride contamination while all dug wells in Balaghat had fluoride within the permissible limit. Twenty-six of the 56 dug wells and 4825 of the 9390 tube wells in Dhar district exceeded the permissible limit for nitrate while 100% dug wells in Balaghat, Seoni, and Chhindwara had low levels of nitrate. Twenty-four of the 228 dug wells and 1669 of 6790 tube wells in Chhindwara had high iron concentration. The median pH value in both dug wells and tube wells varied between 6 and 8 in all six districts. Still, a significant number of tube wells exceeded a pH of 8.5 especially in Mandla and Seoni districts. In conclusion, this study shows that parts of inhabited rural Madhya Pradesh were potentially exposed to contaminated subsurface water during 2010-2011. The analysis has been correlated with rural health survey results wherever available to estimate the visible impact. We next highlight that the quality of drinking water has enormously improved since 2011 in all six districts as a result of rigorous treatment of extracted subsurface water on the ground before supplying to rural habitations as well as efficient distribution from healthy wells. Our research could provide impetus to the state government to develop innovative solutions for improving groundwater quality in these areas as existing solutions are largely protective techniques. We have identified specific ions responsible for groundwater contamination in different districts which would allow the development of district specific effective mitigation strategies.

show abstract

Extent of Nitrate and Nitrite Pollution in Ground Water of Rural Areas of Lucknow, U.P., India

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

In Situ Determination of Nitrate in Water Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy Coupled with Deconvolution Algorithm

In Situ Determination of Nitrate in Water Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy Coupled with Deconvolution Algorithm

Alteration of Spatial Pollution Compounds to Eutrophication Phenomenon of Small-Scale Area under Corona Virus Disease Circumstances

A large-scale investigation of the quality of groundwater in six major districts of Central India during the 2010–2011 sampling campaign

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About