External eggshell morphology of Anastrepha fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract

Figueiredo J.V.A., Perondini A.L.P., Ruggiro EM., Prezotto LF. and Selivon D. (2011). External eggshell morphology of Anastrepha fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). —Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 00:1–9. The eggshell external morphology of Anastrepha species of different taxonomic intrageneric groups was determined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The eggs of Anastrepha alveata Stone and A. consobrina (Loew) are described for the first time, and a more detailed description of previously studied eggs from A. amita Zucchi, A. pickeli Lima, A. bistrigata Bezzi, A. grandis (Macquart), A. obliqua (Macquart), A. pseudoparallela (Loew), A. striata Schiner, A. suspensa (Loew), and A. zenildae Zucchi is presented. Several relatively plastic morphological characters of the eggs were discerned, such as length, width, tapering, curvature, chorion ornamentation, respiratory lobes, and position of the micropyle. Scores were attributed to these characters, allowing a comparison of egg morphology among 17 species of Anastrepha. A cluster analysis based on these scores did not group the eggs according to the taxonomic intrageneric groups of the species. Nonetheless, this analysis indicated that the egg of each species can be described by a set of morphological scores. The possibility of species identificaton using immature stages will be of great help for the taxonomy of Anastrepha fruit flies.

Description of Eggs ofAnastrepha curitisand Anastrepha Leptozona (Diptera: Tephritidae) using SEM

“…General features of eggs of both species herein studied are similar to those described previously for other Anastrepha species (Emmart 1933;Seṍn 1933;Lawrence 1979;Steck and Malavasi 1988;Steck and Wharton 1988;Carroll and Wharton 1989;White and Elson-Harris 1992;Murillo and Jiró n 1994;Perondini 1998, 1999;Norrbom et al 1999;Selivon et al 2004;Norrbom and Korytkowski 2009;Dutra et al 2011a,b;Figueiredo et al 2011). The only previously published study on egg morphology of A. leptozona described the dimensions (length 1.30 Ð1.41 mm; width 0.22Ð 0.27 mm), general shape ("stout"), and sculpture ("absent") (Norrbom et al 1999).…”

“…The micropyle of both A. curits and A. leptozona is located at the anterior apex of the egg as observed previously for most Anastrepha species whose egg morphology already has been described (Carroll and Wharton 1989;Selivon and Perondini 1998, 2000Selivon et al 2004;Norrbom and Korytkowski 2009;Dutra et al 2011a,b;Figueiredo et al 2011), except for Anastrepha sp. 1 aff.…”

“…Many Anastrepha species, whose egg morphologies have been described so far, have chorion ornamentation. However, the lack of chorion ornamentation also has been observed several times as reported in three species of the spatulata group: Anastrepha manihoti Lima, Anastrepha montei Lima, and Anastrepha pickeli Lima (Dutra et al 2011b); in Anastrepha species in several infrageneric species groups such as Anastrepha coronilli Carrejo & González in the fraterculus group, Anastrepha grandis Macquart in the grandis group, Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann) in the serpentina group; and also in two additional species in the pseudoparallela group: Anastrepha consobrina (Loew) and Anastrepha pseudoparallela (Loew) (Emmart 1933, Steck and Wharton 1988, Selivon and Perondini 1999, Dutra et al 2011a, Figueiredo et al 2011.…”

“…However, there is still a lack of information on egg morphology within the genus Anastrepha, as so far eggs have been described for only 36 species (Emmart 1933;Seṍn 1933;Lawrence 1979;Steck and Malavasi 1988;Steck and Wharton 1988;Carroll and Wharton 1989;Murillo and Jiró n 1994;Perondini 1998, 1999;Norrbom et al 1999;Selivon et al 2004;Norrbom and Korytkowski 2009;Dutra et al 2011a,b;Figueiredo et al 2011). In the pseudoparallela group, the eggs of Anastrepha pseudoparallela (Loew) were described only in terms of gross measurements and general shape (Norrbom et al 1999), whereas those of Anastrepha consobrina (Loew) and A. pseudoparallela were described in considerable detail by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Figueiredo et al 2011). In the leptozona group, only eggs of A. leptozona have had their general shape described (Norrbom et al 1999).…”

Tipificação de linhagens de Wolbachia do complexo Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) da região neotropical por análise de locos múltiplos

“…No Brasil, diversos estudos encontraram diferenças nos cariótipos (Selivon et al, 2004a, 2005, Goday et al, 2006, na estrutura dos ovos (Selivon & Perondini, 1998, Selivon et al, 2004a, Figueiredo et al, 2011), em isozimas (Selivon, 1996Selivon et al, 2005), na morfometria de estruturas dos adultos (Selivon et al, 2004b(Selivon et al, , 2005, isolamento reprodutivo (Selivon et al, 1999(Selivon et al, , 2005 (Wu et al, 2004) e que várias espécies de artrópodes estão infectados por Wolbachia dos supergrupos "A" e "B" (Werren et al, 1995;Werren & Windsor, 2000), o que poderia causar fluxo gênico entre as espécies (Paraskevopoulos et al, 2006). Foi claramente demonstrado que recombinação no gene wsp é elevada entre os supergrupos "A" e "B" (Jiggins et al, 2001;Werren & Bartos, 2001;Baldo et al, 2005).…”