Extracellular Cellulase Production by Sporocytophaga myxococcoides NCIB 8639

Vance, I.; Topham, Christopher M.; Blayden, Sarah L.; Tampion, J.

doi:10.1099/00221287-117-1-235

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The components of the culture media exert variable effects on the quality and quantity of particular pectic enzymes. The secretion of cellulase enzyme by plant pathogenic fungi depends on the type of culture media used (VANCE et al 1980;MEHTA and MEHTA 1985). Maximum protease enzyme production by all the three isolates was found in BROWN'S and peptone dextrose media.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Production of cell wall‐degrading enzymes by three isolates of Aspergillus niger under different cultivation conditions

Mehta

Chopra

Mehta

1993

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Three strongly pathogenic isolates of Aspergillus niger were capable of producing pectolytic, cellulolytic and proteolytic enzyme activities in various culture media, extracellularly, indicating the positive correlation between in vitro enzyme production and virulence of the pathogens.Cell wall-degrading enzymes play an important role during pathogenesis (ALBERSHEIM et al. 1969, MEHTA et al. 1974. Production of individual enzymes by the pathogens in a culture medium and the amount of activity in a crude enzyme extract are influenced by components of the culture media (MEHTA and MEHTA 1985). Certain substances present in the medium induce the secretion of enzymes (AYERS and PAPAVIZAS 1965), while other substances inhibit the secretion of enzymes (PATIL and DIMOND 1968). Many workers RICH 1958, VANCE et al. 1980) observed the production of cell wall-degrading enzymes in different culture media. Both, natural MEHTA 1985, MISHRA 1978) and synthetic media MEHTA 1985, HUSAIN andDIMOND 1958) have been widely used for the production of pectolytic and cellulolytic enzymes. REDDY et al. (1980) studied the effect of five synthetic media on the production of protease enzyme by Aspergillus niger. Production of cell wall-degrading enzymes in the diseased fruits infected with these isolates and also in culture provided the reason for studying the characteristics of these cell wall-degrading enzymes in detail. Therefore, it was thought desirable to determine the optimum cultural conditions for the production of these enzymes in vitro. Materials and methodsThree pathogenic forms of Aspergillus niger VAN TIECH were isolated from diseased Emblica officinalis GAERTN (isolate Al), Prunus dornestica L. (isolate A2) and Citrus rnedica L. (isolate A3) fruits by following routine mycological techniques. These isolates were found to cause severe fruit rot diseases both in field and in storage conditions. The isolates were maintained on CZAPEK'S agar slants. The pathogens were grown in ERLENMEYER flasks (150 ml) containing 25 ml of various broth media (Table 1) sterilized at 15 Ib pressure for 15 min. The inoculum consisted of a single disc (diam 8 mm) cut out from the margin of freshly grown colony (5 days) of the pathogens on CZAPEK'S agar medium. The inoculated flasks were incubated at 28 f 1 "C for 3, 6 , 9 and 12 d under stationary conditions. To determine the biomass the mycelial mat was harvested on preweighed WHATMAN filter paper No. I and dried to constant weight at 70 "C. The culture filtrates were directly centrifuged at 5,000 rpm for 20 min at 4 "C. The supernatant thus obtained was used as enzyme extract.Enzyme assay: OSWALD'S viscometers were clamped and fixed in a water bath (30 "C). The reaction mixture contained the following components (ml): For polygaiacturonase (PG): I .2% sodium polypectate (substrate) 3.5, distilled water 1.5, MCILVAIN'S buffer (pH 4.5) 1.5 enzyme extract 1.5. For pectinmethylgalacturonase (PMG): This enzyme was detected by using citrus pectin (1.2%) as substrate, while all other components bei...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Production of cell wall‐degrading enzymes by three isolates of Aspergillus niger under different cultivation conditions

Mehta

Chopra

Mehta

1993

J. Basic Microbiol.

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“…Despite the sub-o?timal operating conditions, which included a superficial air velocity of 5.1cms -±, the dissolved oxygen concentration did not fall below 75% saturation. Figure 3 shows that the growth of ~ myxococcoides in the ALF followed a similar pattern to that described for a stirred-tank fermenter (STF) (Vance et al, 1980) with extracellular carboxymethylcellulase production occurring during the log phase. The maximum enzyme activity, however, was some 150 units ml -I lower than in the STF.…”

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confidence: 74%

“…The kLa of the fermenter was determined under various conditions by the dynamic method of Bandyopadhyay and Humphrey (1967) using the oxygen electrode previously described (Vance et al, 1980). Figure 2 shows that the kLa of the fermenter could be increased by using a less porous sinter and by increasing the superficial air velocity up to a critical value of approximately 7 cm s-L above which bubble coalescence appeared to take place.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose degradation and carboxymethylcellulase production by Sporocytophaga myxococcoides grown in an air-lift fermenter

Vance¹,

Blayden²,

Tampion³

1981

Biotechnol Lett

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“…(1972a), it was demonstrated that strain LX-7 forms an extracellular exocellulase which degrades crystalline cellulose such as Avicel, cellulose powder MN300, cc-cellulose and is detectable when assayed by measuring the soluble carbohydrate released, but no significant activity was detected by assaying the reducing sugars production. Although Berg et al (1972a) did not provide experimental detail, it is possible that assaying for soluble sugars production may he a more sensitive way of detecting exocellulase than assaying for reducing sugars, par- (Berg et al 1972b) and Sporocytophagu myxococcoides which was found 60% decomposition of Avicel over 4 d incubation (Vance et al 1980); strain LX-7 digested cellulose completely in 4 6 d.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and partial properties of cellulose-decomposing strain of Cytophaga sp. LX-7 from soil

Gao

1997

J Appl Microbiol

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A new facultatively anaerobic, Gram‐negative bacterium, Cytophaga sp. LX‐7, degrading crystalline cellulose completely, was isolated from soil by dilution plating on cellodextrin agarose plates. This strain could excrete extracellularly all three types of cellulase and cellulosic substrates were the strongest inducer of endocellulase with CMC‐liquefying activity production. No reducing sugar was found in cultures of cellulose during incubation. An enzyme which degrades crystalline cellulose was detected in cultures of cellulose by measuring the formation of soluble carbohydrate but was not detected by determining the reducing sugar released. This strain also synthesized cell‐bound cellobiose oxidizing enzyme which was previously noted only in fungi. Both cellulose and soluble sugars could promote the production of cellobiose oxidizing enzyme.

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Extracellular Cellulase Production by Sporocytophaga myxococcoides NCIB 8639

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Production of cell wall‐degrading enzymes by three isolates of Aspergillus niger under different cultivation conditions

Production of cell wall‐degrading enzymes by three isolates of Aspergillus niger under different cultivation conditions

Cellulose degradation and carboxymethylcellulase production by Sporocytophaga myxococcoides grown in an air-lift fermenter

Isolation and partial properties of cellulose-decomposing strain of Cytophaga sp. LX-7 from soil

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