Extracellular vesicles derived from different sources of mesenchymal stem cells: therapeutic effects and translational potential

Cai, Jiaxin; Wu, Jun-Yong; Wang, Jiemin; Li, Yongjiang; Hu, Xiong-Bin; Luo, Shifu; Xiang, Da‐Xiong

doi:10.1186/s13578-020-00427-x

Cited by 104 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…ADSCs are abundant in source, easy to harvest and isolate, can robustly release exosomes, and play a crucial role in tissue repair [24]. Collective data have indicated that exosomes released from ADSCs conduct vascular repair by promoting vascular plasticity [25], enhancing angiogenesis [25], improving post-injury vascular regeneration [26], and regulating autophagy [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Stanniocalcin-1 Promote Reendothelialization after Carotid Endarterium Mechanical Injury

Liu¹,

Shi²,

Peng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background and objective: Endothelial cell inflammation caused by mechanical injury of endovascular treatment remains the major obstacle to reendothelialization, which leads to arterial restenosis. We investigated the reendothelialization effect of exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) overexpressing Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1).Methods: Primary ADSCs were extracted from the adipose tissue of the inguinal area of C57/BL mice. ADSCs were transfected with lentivirus vectors containing STC-1. Exosomes were purified from culture medium using the Exo-Quick kit and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blot. PHK-26 as molecular probe was used to track the exosomes engulfed by mice arterial endothelial cells (MAEC). The role of STC-1-ADSC-Exosome (S-ADSC-Exo) in MAECs was verified through scratch test and tube forming experiment. Carotid endarterium mechanical injury was induced by insertion with a guidewire into the common carotid artery lumen. Exosomes were administered by tail vein injection. Content of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using commercial kits. Carotid arteries were harvested for histological examination, immunofluorescence staining, and Evan’s blue staining.Results: Transfection of STC-1 significantly enhanced STC-1 levels in ADSCs, their exosomes, and MAECs. Compared with the control group and the ADSC-Exo group, STC-1 enriched exosomes markedly enhanced STC-1 level, inhibited the expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and IL-1β in MAECs, exhibited good lateral migration capacity, and promoted angiogenesis. Exosome-pretreating groups exhibited lower levels of ROS than those of controls. In vivo administration of S-ADSC-Exo had reendothelialization effect on post-injury carotid endarterium as evidenced by thinner arterial wall, low-expressed NLRP3, and more living endothelial cells.Conclusions: The reendothelialization effect of exosomes from ADSCs on post-injury carotid endarterium can be enhanced by genetic modification to contain elevated STC-1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Stanniocalcin-1 Promote Reendothelialization after Carotid Endarterium Mechanical Injury

Liu¹,

Shi²,

Peng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In addition, in order to promote the development of effective biomarkers for exosomes, sensitive, accurate, and rapid quantitative methods are essential. (2) The therapeutic effects of MSC-exos in promoting neurite growth may vary depending on the source of MSCs [ 162 ]. However, due to the significant differences in the route of administration, dosage, separation protocols, and disease model, it is difficult to determine the specific source of MSC-exos with higher therapeutic potential.…”

Section: Advantages and Challenges For Msc-exos In The Application Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome: a promising alternative in the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease

Guo

Yin

Chen³

et al. 2020

Alz Res Therapy

114

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been a devastating public health with the development of global aging. Approaches for reducing the current AD epidemic are becoming a primary focus of human healthcare due to the lack of achieved lasting and complete remission strategies to treat AD with the characteristics of heterogeneity and complexity. Exosomes, which is the new emerging approach to intercellular communication, provide novel perspective on identified therapeutic strategies of AD. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) are emerging to be an appealing therapeutic tool for AD, with the donor-derived properties and the characteristics of minimal immunogenicity, effortless storage, nature delivery vehicles, and low risks of tumor formation based on the previous researches. In this review, we elaborate the mechanism of MSC-exos in the treatment of AD and discuss limitations in the clinical application.

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“…Although MSCs are known to be mediated through cell-cell communication, their secretome-rich cytokines, chemokines, micro-RNA, as well as different growth factors, involved in biological pathways, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and senescence [107,108], make them particularly suited to use in cell-based therapies. These secretomes are made up of extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes [109][110][111], which can be characterized using specific International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) guidelines. According to the ISCT, while positively expressing the stromal markers CD73 and CD105, MSCs negatively express the hematopoietic markers CD14, CD34 and CD45 [112].…”

Section: Exosomes Derived From Mesenchymal Stem/stromal Cells Of Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

Aheget

Tristán‐Manzano

Mazini

et al. 2020

JCM

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Summary: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by the vast majority of cell types both in vivo and ex vivo, upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the cellular plasma membrane. Two main functions have been attributed to exosomes: their capacity to transport proteins, lipids and nucleic acids between cells and organs, as well as their potential to act as natural intercellular communicators in normal biological processes and in pathologies. From a clinical perspective, the majority of applications use exosomes as biomarkers of disease. A new approach uses exosomes as biologically active carriers to provide a platform for the enhanced delivery of cargo in vivo. One of the major limitations in developing exosome-based therapies is the difficulty of producing sufficient amounts of safe and efficient exosomes. The identification of potential proteins involved in exosome biogenesis is expected to directly cause a deliberate increase in exosome production. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding exosomes, with particular emphasis on their structural features, biosynthesis pathways, production techniques and potential clinical applications.

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Extracellular vesicles derived from different sources of mesenchymal stem cells: therapeutic effects and translational potential

Cited by 104 publications

References 118 publications

Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Stanniocalcin-1 Promote Reendothelialization after Carotid Endarterium Mechanical Injury

Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Stanniocalcin-1 Promote Reendothelialization after Carotid Endarterium Mechanical Injury

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome: a promising alternative in the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease

Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

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