Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose Tissue Could Promote Metabolic Adaptation through PI3K/Akt/mTOR

Delgadillo-Velázquez, Jaime; Mendivil-Alvarado, Herminia; Coronado-Alvarado, Carlos D.; Astiazarán-García, Humberto

doi:10.3390/cells11111831

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Meanwhile, Eguchi et al ( 27 ) demonstrated that adEV from obese individuals may activate M1 macrophages and contain Perilipin A, suggesting this molecule as a potential biomarker for adEV. Since adEV could potentially be involved with proteins and genetic materials that could participate in cytokine production or insulin signaling pathway, especially in terms of glucose and lipid regulation ( 30 , 46 ), they have been implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease ( 28 , 29 ). Hence, it appears that adEV are essential for both local and distal intercommunication in the development and regulation of IR associated with obesity ( 30 , 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between the size of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles and fasting serum triglyceride-glucose index as proxy measures of adipose tissue insulin resistance in a rat model of early-stage obesity

Delgadillo-Velázquez,

Alday,

Aguirre-García

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionObesity is a complex disease that predisposes individuals to cardiometabolic alterations. It leads to adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, which triggers insulin resistance (IR). This suggests that people with obesity develop local IR first and systemic IR later. AT secretes extracellular vesicles, which may be physiopathologically associated with the development of IR. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a high-fat diet on different parameters of adiposity in a rat model of early-stage obesity and to determine if these parameters are associated with markers of systemic IR. In addition, we sought to explore the relationship between fasting blood measures of IR (Triglycerides/High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol [TAG/HDL-c] and Triglycerides-Glucose Index [TyG Index]) with the size of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (adEV).MethodsWe used a model of diet-induced obesity for ten weeks in Wistar rats exposed to a high-fat diet. Final weight gain was analyzed by Dual X-ray absorptiometry. Visceral obesity was measured as epididymal AT weight. IR was evaluated with fasting TyG Index & TAG/HDL-c, and adEV were isolated from mature adipocytes on ceiling culture.ResultsIn the high-fat diet group, glucose and triglyceride blood concentrations were higher in comparison to the control group (Log2FC, 0.5 and 1.5 times higher, respectively). The values for TyG Index and adEV size were different between the control animals and the high-fat diet group. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that adEV size can be significantly associated with the TyG Index value, when controlling for epididymal AT weight.ConclusionOur results show that lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as the size and zeta potential of adEV are already altered in early-stage obesity and that adEV size can be significantly associated with liver and systemic IR, estimated by TyG Index.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between the size of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles and fasting serum triglyceride-glucose index as proxy measures of adipose tissue insulin resistance in a rat model of early-stage obesity

Delgadillo-Velázquez,

Alday,

Aguirre-García

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…Recent studies have reported that adipocytes possess the ability to engage in direct interactions with immune cells, either through cell-to-cell contact or via the release of extracellular vesicles containing microRNAs and other molecules. These interactions have been found to modulate the activity of immune cells and subsequently impact the magnitude of the immune response [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal association between body mass index and autoimmune thyroiditis: evidence from Mendelian randomization

Huo,

Xu,

et al. 2023

Eur J Med Res

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Background Recent studies have reported associations between body mass index (BMI) and various autoimmune disorders. However, it is still uncertain whether there exists a direct cause-and-effect relationship between BMI and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). The aim of our study is to investigate the causal association between BMI and AIT. Methods We conducted a two-sample summary data Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics data related to BMI as exposure, and GWAS summary statistic data sets for AIT as the outcome. Robustly associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for BMI were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). We used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary method and performed other MR methods such as MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analyses for further validation. The slope of MR-Egger regression was used to correct for pleiotropy and provide estimates of causality. The p-value for the intercept in MR-Egger was utilized to detect any directional pleiotropic effects. Heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of our findings. Results Seventy-eight SNPs were selected from GWAS on BMI as the IVs. Our MR analysis using the IVW method showed a potential causal association between BMI and AIT (OR = 3.071, 95% CI 1.324–7.118). Findings from other MR methods are non-significant, although the direction of effect is consistent. There was no evidence that the result was affected by genetic pleiotropy (MR-Egger regression intercept = 0.01, SE = 0.00025, p = 0.719). Heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses revealed no significant heterogeneity among SNPs, and no single SNP drove the observed associations. Conclusion Our findings suggest a potential causal association between BMI and AIT, which may provide a basis for further investigation into the relationship between BMI and AIT. Further studies are required as only the IVW method shows significant results, and the case sample size is small.

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“…Importantly, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as key mediators in the pathophysiology of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. To this end, Delgadillo-Velazquez et al reviewed relevant studies, highlighting the role of EVs in adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic adaptation via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR activation underlying the crosstalk among metabolically active organs [ 19 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Metabolic Inflammation and Cellular Immunity

Sindhu

Ahmad

2023

Cells

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Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose Tissue Could Promote Metabolic Adaptation through PI3K/Akt/mTOR

Cited by 7 publications

References 110 publications

The association between the size of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles and fasting serum triglyceride-glucose index as proxy measures of adipose tissue insulin resistance in a rat model of early-stage obesity

The association between the size of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles and fasting serum triglyceride-glucose index as proxy measures of adipose tissue insulin resistance in a rat model of early-stage obesity

Causal association between body mass index and autoimmune thyroiditis: evidence from Mendelian randomization

Metabolic Inflammation and Cellular Immunity

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