Extracellular vesicles: Potential impact on cardiovascular diseases

Yang, Jian; Zou, Xingxing; José, Pedro A.; Zeng, Chunyu

doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2021.02.002

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 303 publications

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“…Western blotting of MSC-derived MVs showed the presence of CD9, CD63, CD81, TSG101, tryptophanyl-TRNA synthase 1, C1q, and calnexin. In contrast, MSCderived exosomes were characterised by positivity to CD63, CD81, and TSG101, and negativity to calnexin [88,90]. The mechanism of MV release from MSCs and their function also differs from other types of extracellular vesicles.…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Mscsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…MVs are membrane vesicles that differ from other EVs by their size, ranging between 100 nm up to 1 µm in diameter, and in density of 1.04-1.07 g/mL [88]. Microvesicles (MVs) are formed by outward budding or pinching of the MSC plasma membrane and contain cytosolic and plasma membrane-associated proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, heat shock proteins, integrins, and RNA molecules, such as mRNA, miRNA, snoRNA, and rRNA [89,90].…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Mscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases

Zaripova,

Midgley,

Christmas

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modulate immune responses and maintain self-tolerance. Their trophic activities and regenerative properties make them potential immunosuppressants for treating autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. MSCs are drawn to sites of injury and inflammation where they can both reduce inflammation and contribute to tissue regeneration. An increased understanding of the role of MSCs in the development and progression of autoimmune disorders has revealed that MSCs are passive targets in the inflammatory process, becoming impaired by it and exhibiting loss of immunomodulatory activity. MSCs have been considered as potential novel cell therapies for severe autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, which at present have only disease modifying rather than curative treatment options. MSCs are emerging as potential therapies for severe autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. Clinical application of MSCs in rare cases of severe disease in which other existing treatment modalities have failed, have demonstrated potential use in treating multiple diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, myocardial infarction, liver cirrhosis, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and COVID-19 pneumonia. This review explores the biological mechanisms behind the role of MSCs in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. It also covers their immunomodulatory capabilities, potential therapeutic applications, and the challenges and risks associated with MSC therapy.

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Section: Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Mscsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Mscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases

Zaripova,

Midgley,

Christmas

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ApoBDs successfully trigger clearance of damaged cells in tissue development and regeneration of the kidney and bone ( Li et al, 2020 ). MVs are EV subtypes that are released directly from the cell surface of platelets, red blood cells, and endothelial cells ( Yang J. et al, 2021 ) and range in size from 200 to 2,000 nm ( Shao et al, 2018 ). MVs may transport proteins and miRNA between cells and have been used for the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases, treatment of acute kidney injury, etc.…”

Section: Direct Targeted Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transnasal targeted delivery of therapeutics in central nervous system diseases: a narrative review

Won

Song

et al. 2023

Front. Neurosci.

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Currently, neurointervention, surgery, medication, and central nervous system (CNS) stimulation are the main treatments used in CNS diseases. These approaches are used to overcome the blood brain barrier (BBB), but they have limitations that necessitate the development of targeted delivery methods. Thus, recent research has focused on spatiotemporally direct and indirect targeted delivery methods because they decrease the effect on nontarget cells, thus minimizing side effects and increasing the patient’s quality of life. Methods that enable therapeutics to be directly passed through the BBB to facilitate delivery to target cells include the use of nanomedicine (nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles), and magnetic field-mediated delivery. Nanoparticles are divided into organic, inorganic types depending on their outer shell composition. Extracellular vesicles consist of apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes. Magnetic field-mediated delivery methods include magnetic field-mediated passive/actively-assisted navigation, magnetotactic bacteria, magnetic resonance navigation, and magnetic nanobots—in developmental chronological order of when they were developed. Indirect methods increase the BBB permeability, allowing therapeutics to reach the CNS, and include chemical delivery and mechanical delivery (focused ultrasound and LASER therapy). Chemical methods (chemical permeation enhancers) include mannitol, a prevalent BBB permeabilizer, and other chemicals—bradykinin and 1-O-pentylglycerol—to resolve the limitations of mannitol. Focused ultrasound is in either high intensity or low intensity. LASER therapies includes three types: laser interstitial therapy, photodynamic therapy, and photobiomodulation therapy. The combination of direct and indirect methods is not as common as their individual use but represents an area for further research in the field. This review aims to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, describe the combined use of direct and indirect deliveries, and provide the future prospects of each targeted delivery method. We conclude that the most promising method is the nose-to-CNS delivery of hybrid nanomedicine, multiple combination of organic, inorganic nanoparticles and exosomes, via magnetic resonance navigation following preconditioning treatment with photobiomodulation therapy or focused ultrasound in low intensity as a strategy for differentiating this review from others on targeted CNS delivery; however, additional studies are needed to demonstrate the application of this approach in more complex in vivo pathways.

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“…MVs are produced by budding directly from the cell membrane to outside the cell [ 14 ], and APBs arise as part of the apoptotic process [ 15 ]. Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are late endosomes that fuse with cell membranes and release their contents as exosomes [ 16 ].…”

Section: Exosome Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes as Crucial Players in Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Fei

Liu

Peng

et al. 2022

Journal of Immunology Research

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems. Its clinical manifestation varies across patients, from skin mucosa to multiorgan damage to severe central nervous system involvement. The exosome has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including SLE. We review the recent knowledge of exosomes, including their biology, functions, mechanism, and standardized extraction and purification methods in SLE, to highlight potential therapeutic targets for SLE.

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Extracellular vesicles: Potential impact on cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 11 publications

References 303 publications

Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases

Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases

Transnasal targeted delivery of therapeutics in central nervous system diseases: a narrative review

Exosomes as Crucial Players in Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

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