Extract of Kuding Tea Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders in C57BL/6 Mice via Liver X Receptor (LXR) β Antagonism

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of ilex kudingcha C. J. Tseng (kuding tea), a traditional beverage in China, on the metabolic disorders in C57BL/6 mice induced by high-fat diets.DesignFor the preventive experiment, the female C57BL/6 mice were fed with a standard diet (Chow), high-fat diet (HF), and high-fat diet mixed with 0.05% ethanol extract of kuding tea (EK) for 5 weeks. For the therapeutic experiment, the C57BL/6 mice were fed high-fat diet for 3 months, and then mice were split and EK was given with oral gavages for 2 weeks at 50 mg/day/kg. Body weight and daily food intake amounts were measured. At the end of treatment, the adipocyte images were assayed with a scanning electron microscope, and the fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance test, serum lipid profile and lipids in the livers were analyzed. A reporter gene assay system was used to test the whether EK could act on nuclear receptor transcription factors, and the gene expression analysis was performed with a quantitative PCR assay.ResultsIn the preventive treatment, EK blocked the body weight gain, reduced the size of the adipocytes, lowered serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice. In the therapeutic treatment, EK reduced the size of the white adipocytes, serum TG and fasting blood glucose levels in obese mice. With the reporter assay, EK inhibited LXRβ transactivity and mRNA expression of LXRβ target genes.ConclusionWe observed that EK has both preventive and therapeutic roles in metabolic disorders in mice induced with high-fat diets. The effects appear to be mediated through the antagonism of LXRβ transactivity. Our data indicate that kuding tea is a useful dietary therapy and a potential source for the development of novel anti-obesity and lipid lowering drugs.

Effect of peripherally administered leptin antagonist on whole body metabolism and bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties in the mouse

“…In contrast, in ob/ob mice, LXR␣ expression increased 1.3-fold (78). LPL gene expression in the liver of mice under a HFD increased 1.2-to twofold (29,69), whereas with the PEG-SMLA treatment its expression was decreased after 4 wk. RIFL is a prolipogenic gene that is highly induced during adipocyte differentiation, indicating enhanced adipogenesis, which is consistent with the expression of other genes responsible for adipogenesis in our study.…”

Kudingcha and Fuzhuan Brick Tea Prevent Obesity and Modulate Gut Microbiota in High‐Fat Diet Fed Mice

“…Kudingcha (KDC) from Ilex kudingcha is a popular herb beverage alternative to Camellia tea in Eastern and Southeastern Asia . KDC and Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) are two of the most popular herb beverages with the reputation of antiobesity in China, and the preventive and therapeutic roles in metabolic disorders have been demonstrated . Polyphenols and polysaccharides are considered as the main functional ingredients in tea and KDC, which contribute to the most of the observed beneficial effects .…”

Simultaneous Qualitation and Quantitation of Chlorogenic Acids in Kuding Tea Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detection Coupled with Linear Ion Trap–Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer

“…It is traditionally applied for treating obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia and various other diseases [1]. Meanwhile, the different extracts and active components from Kuding tea, including triterpenes, triterpenoid saponins and chlorogenic acids (CGAs), have been reported to possess significant antioxidative [2,3], antiobesity [4], antidiabetic [5,6], anti-inflammatory [7], anti-atherosclerotic [8] and anticancer activities [9] in vitro or in vivo. CGAs are a large family of esters formed between quinic acid and one to four residues of certain cinnamic acids, most commonly caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic [10,11].…”