Extracting the Silicate Mineral Fraction from Ancient Carbonate: Assessing the Geologic Record of Dust

Sur, Sohini; Soreghan, Michael J.; Soreghan, Gerilyn S.; Stagner, Alice F.

doi:10.2110/jsr.2010.068

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…From Late Carboniferous/Early Permian coals from 5° N 80° W in equatorial Pangea, dust accumulation rates of 16-25 g m -2 yr -1 are inferred. This is fully consistent with the high dust deposition rates estimated for an offshore atoll in western equatorial Pangaea during Early Permian glacial intervals (Sur et al, 2010). Early Permian dust deposition rates in the interior of western equatorial Pangaea can be estimated from loess-palaeosol couplets in the Maroon Formation (Soreghan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In terrestrial settings, there are multiple examples of alternating loess and palaeosol accumulation analogous to deposits in the Chinese Loess Plateau (Soreghan et al, 2008a;Soreghan et al, 2008b;Soreghan et al, 2014). In shallow marine settings, a distinctive facies of fine dust is often observed at lowstands (Soreghan et al, 2008b;Sur et al, 2010). In one case, the concentration of silicate minerals in a shallow marine carbonate deposit was used to estimate dust accumulation rates (DAR) that ranged over the course of a presumptive glacial-interglacial cycle from 0.07 to 160 g m -2 yr -1 (note that the maximum is uncertain by an order of magnitude) (Sur et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In shallow marine settings, a distinctive facies of fine dust is often observed at lowstands (Soreghan et al, 2008b;Sur et al, 2010). In one case, the concentration of silicate minerals in a shallow marine carbonate deposit was used to estimate dust accumulation rates (DAR) that ranged over the course of a presumptive glacial-interglacial cycle from 0.07 to 160 g m -2 yr -1 (note that the maximum is uncertain by an order of magnitude) (Sur et al, 2010). Similar data also exists for two other sites (Patterson, 2011;Stagner, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coal-derived rates of atmospheric dust deposition during the Permian

2016

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coal-derived rates of atmospheric dust deposition during the Permian

2016

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“…To extract the SMF, samples were (1) treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to eliminate carbonate, (2) combusted at 500u C for , 14 hours to oxidize pyrite and remove organic matter, and (3) treated with citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite (CBD) to remove iron oxides (Fig. 2;Sur et al 2010). Sample splits of pristine core material were used to assess clay mineralogy using XRD and major-and minor-element geochemistry using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Record of Glacial Aridity and Milankovitch-Scale Fluctuations in Atmospheric Dust from the Pennsylvanian Tropics

Sur¹,

Soreghan²,

Soreghan³

et al. 2010

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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Atmospheric dust is an important climatic agent as well as a valuable climatic archive. This study documents systematic variations in a single Upper Pennsylvanian, shallow-water carbonate buildup of the Midland Basin (West Texas) that was isolated from fluvio-deltaic input and consists almost entirely of carbonate bounded by sequence boundaries. Thin (0.02 to 1 m) intervals of dark, pyritic, siliciclastic mudrock with subtle pedogenic features occur commonly at the sequence boundaries, and are interpreted as loessite deposited during lowstands, primarily on the basis of paleogeographic isolation of the buildup. The silicate mineral fraction (SMF) extracted from the underlying carbonate, which includes quartz, clay, and trace feldspars and heavy minerals, varies in concentration (weight %) from 0.015% to 6.69% in the carbonate. This SMF contains both fine-grained detrital and authigenic silica interpreted to be eolian on the basis of geochemical, petrographic, and grain-size characteristics as well as paleogeography; hence, the SMF is considered a proxy for atmospheric dust. Whole-rock geochemistry suggests that the dust was at least partly derived from uplifts of the Ancestral Rocky Mountains with a possible minor contribution from active volcanic centers located to the (present day) south and southwest. The estimated mean accumulation rate (MAR) of dust in highstand carbonate facies (full interglacial) relative to carbonate facies that formed during relative fall in sea level suggest that dust flux increased 4 to 10 times accompanying the transition to glacial conditions. MARs in the siliciclastic mudrock, which accumulated at lowstand (full glacial) to incipient transgression, suggest glacial-phase increases in dust flux of nearly 400 to 4000 times relative to full interglacial conditions. Spectral analyses of dust abundance through the study section show variations consistent with Milankovitch forcing.

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“…The section is subsurface, hence we used a continuous, air-drilled core. For dust extraction, 50 g samples were crushed to pea size and treated with HCl for carbonate removal, combustion for organic removal, and CBD for Fe-oxide removal (Sur et al, 2010b). To assess Fe T , samples were powdered and dissolved using a standard multi-acid digestion for total elemental concentrations using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).…”

Section: Geological Background and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme eolian delivery of reactive iron to late Paleozoic icehouse seas

Sur

Owens

Soreghan

et al. 2015

Geology

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The biogeochemical impacts of iron-rich dust to the oceans are known for Earth's recent record but unexplored for deep time, despite recognition of large ancient dust fluxes, particularly during the late Paleozoic. We report a unique Fe relationship for Upper Pennsylvanian mudrock of eolian origin that records lowstand (glacial) conditions within a carbonate buildup of western equatorial Pangaea (western United States) well removed from other detrital inputs. Here, reactive Fe unambiguously linked to dust is enriched without a corresponding increase in total Fe. More broadly, data from thick coeval loess deposits of western equatorial Pangaea show the same marked enrichment in reactive Fe. This enrichment-atypical compared to modern marine, fluvial, glacial, loess, and soil sediments-suggests an enhancement of the reactivity of the internal Fe pool that increased the bioavailability of the Fe for marine primary production. Regardless of the mechanism behind this enhancement, our data in combination with other evidence for high dust fluxes imply delivery of extraordinarily large amounts of biogeochemically reactive Fe to glacial-stage late Paleozoic seas, and modeling of this indicates major impacts on carbon cycling and attendant climatic feedbacks.

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Extracting the Silicate Mineral Fraction from Ancient Carbonate: Assessing the Geologic Record of Dust

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Coal-derived rates of atmospheric dust deposition during the Permian

Coal-derived rates of atmospheric dust deposition during the Permian

A Record of Glacial Aridity and Milankovitch-Scale Fluctuations in Atmospheric Dust from the Pennsylvanian Tropics

Extreme eolian delivery of reactive iron to late Paleozoic icehouse seas

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