Extraction and Cleanup Methods for Analysis of Phenolic and Neutral Organohalogens in Plasma

Hovander, Lotta; Athanasiadou, María; Asplund, Lillemor; Jensen, Søren Krogh; Wehler, E. Klasson

doi:10.1093/jat/24.8.696

Cited by 235 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A detailed description of the methods used for extraction has been published elsewhere (Hovander et al, 2000). Procedures for semen and blood samples were the same.…”

Section: Extraction and Clean-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human semen

Liu

Zhao

Zhu

et al. 2012

Environment International

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Some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been found in human semen but until this point it was unclear whether polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) could be detected in human semen. In this study, PBDEs were found for the first time in human semen samples (n = 101) from Taizhou, China. The concentrations of total PBDEs (∑PBDEs) varied from 15.8 to 86.8 pg/g ww (median = 31.3 pg/g ww) and 53.2 to 121 pg/g ww (median = 72.3 pg/g ww) in semen and blood samples, respectively. The ∑PBDE level in semen was about two times lower than in human blood, which was different in the distribution in the two matrices from other POPs. A correlation of ∑PBDE concentration was found between paired semen and in blood. The results suggest that semen could be used to detect PBDE burden in human body as a non-invasive matrix. In addition, the levels of BDE-209 and BDE-153, especially the latter, were much higher in blood than in semen, while the levels of BDE-28, BDE-47 and BDE-99 were comparable in the two matrices, suggesting that low brominated congeners could be more easily transferred to semen than high brominated congeners. Considering different toxicities among the PBDE congeners, it might be more significant to measure PBDEs in semen than in blood for evaluating male reproduction risks of PBDEs.

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“…A detailed description of the methods used for extraction has been published elsewhere (Hovander et al, 2000). Procedures for semen and blood samples were the same.…”

Section: Extraction and Clean-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human semen

Liu

Zhao

Zhu

et al. 2012

Environment International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The extraction and cleanup procedure of the serum has been described in detail by Hovander and co-workers (40). The surrogate standards (SSs), BDE-77 (0.2 ng), CB-200 (2 ng) and 4-OH-CB193 (1 ng), were added to 1-3 mL of serum prior to extraction.…”

Section: Cleanup Procedurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extracts were evaporated and resolved in hexane. The neutral and phenolic substances were separated with potassium hydroxide (0.5 M in 50% ethanol) and hexane partitioning (40). The bulk of lipid in the neutral fraction was removed with concentrated sulfuric acid treatment.…”

Section: Cleanup Procedurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bulk of lipid in the neutral fraction was removed with concentrated sulfuric acid treatment. Additional cleanup was then performed with two silica/sulfuric acid columns (0.9 g and 0.5 g respectively) (40). The silica gel column was always washed prior to sample application with the same solvent as the analytes were to be eluted with.…”

Section: Cleanup Procedurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PCBs were analyzed on GC/ECD before the PBDE fraction. The halogenated phenolic compounds were derivatized with diazomethane, and the lipids in the methylated phenolic fraction were removed with concentrated sulfuric acid followed by a column with silica/sulfuric acid, as described elsewhere (40). All samples were protected from daylight during handling and storage to prevent any photochemical degradation of the brominated compounds to be analyzed.…”

Section: Cleanup Procedurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine insecticide concentrations in a Faroese birth cohort

et al. 2006

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The objective of this study was to assess blood concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and their polychlorobiphenylol (OH-PCB) metabolites in humans with a high seafood intake. Samples were obtained from pregnant women in the Faroe Islands in 1994-1995 and from their children at 7 years of age to examine maternal transfer of the compounds to their child, age-dependent metabolism, and temporal changes. Maternal serum was dominated by 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), while 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-153) prevailed in the children's serum seven years later. DecaBDE was present in both mothers and children up to 3 and 6 ng/g lipid weight, respectively. The ΣPCB concentration in the children averaged about 60% of the concentrations in their mothers, with median levels for both above 1 µg/g lipid weight and with similar PCB congener patterns. ΣOH-PCB serum concentrations from the mothers and their children showed ranges of 1.8-36 ng/g wet weight (w.w.) and 0.49-22 ng/g w.w., respectively, with all OH-PCB congener concentrations being lower in the children, except for 2,3,3',4',5-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (4-OH-CB107). Children at 7 years of age are exposed to PCBs at levels only slightly below those of their mothers, and the increased 4-OH-CB-107 concentrations in children could be due to age-related differences in PCB metabolism. The PBDE concentrations were similar in both mothers and their children. The main persistent organic pollutant concentrations in the children are most probably due to other environmental exposure than maternal transfer.

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