Extraction and separation of palladium(II), platinum(IV), gold(III) and rhodium(III) using piperidine-based extractants

Cieszyńska, Anna; Wieczorek, Daria

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2017.12.019

Cited by 87 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Typically, solvent extraction is regarded as a practical method to recover and separate PGM ions from metal-containing aqueous solutions. For example, tertiary amines [6,7], organophosphates [8][9][10][11], and organosulfides [12,13] have been reported to act as Pd(II) or Pt(IV) extractants. However, solvent extraction processes require organic solvents, which are used as diluents of extractants or extractants themselves, and the use of organic solvents is problematic because of their toxicity and environmental concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective and Mutual Separation of Palladium (II), Platinum (IV), and Rhodium (III) Using Aliphatic Primary Amines

Matsumoto

Sezaki

Yamakawa

et al. 2020

Metals

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The selective recovery of platinum-group metals (PGMs) remains a huge challenge. Although solvent extraction processes are generally used for PGM separation, the use of organic solvents is problematic because of their toxicity and environmental concerns. Here, we have developed a new PGM recovery method by precipitation from hydrochloric acid (HCl) solutions containing Pd(II), Pt(IV), and Rh(III) using aliphatic primary amines as precipitants. Pt(IV) was precipitated using the amines with alkyl chains longer than hexyl independent of HCl concentration. The precipitation of Pd(II) required longer alkyl amines than octyl, regardless of the HCl concentration. Rh(III) was recovered by precipitation at high HCl concentrations using the amines longer than hexyl. The mutual separation of Pt(IV), Rh(III), and Pd(II), in this order, was successfully achieved by changing the HCl concentrations and alkyl chain lengths of the amines. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis evidently showed that the metal-containing precipitates were ion-pair complexes composed of metal chloro-complex anions and ammonium cations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective and Mutual Separation of Palladium (II), Platinum (IV), and Rhodium (III) Using Aliphatic Primary Amines

Matsumoto

Sezaki

Yamakawa

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…Very often, the recovery of gold from these wastes is done by leaching of the waste with aqua regia, resulting in a leachate in which gold is present as AuCl4 -or HAuCl4 [5]. The recovery of this precious metal from the HCl solution can be done mainly by activated carbon [6], ion exchange resins [7][8][9][10], liquid-liquid extraction using conventional [11][12][13] and ionic liquid [14][15][16][17] extractants, different adsorbents [18][19][20][21][22] and as mentioned above by liquid membranes [23][24][25][26]; more recently, the use of carbon nanotubes have been also considered in the treatment of dilute Au(III)-bearing HCl solutions [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of Au(III) from HCl medium across a liquid membrane using R3NH+Cl-/toluene immobilized on a microporous hydrophobic support: optimization and modelling

Alcaraz

Largo

López

2020

Preprint

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By the use of the tertiary amine A327 and 1 M HCl solution as precursors, the ionic liquid A327H+Cl- was generated and used to investigate its performance in the transport of Au(III) form hydrochloric acid medium. The influence of the stirring speed (600-1800 min-1), ionic liquid concentration (1.25-50% v/v) in the membrane phase and gold concentration (0.01-0.15 g/L) in the feed phase on metal transport have been investigated. An equation which included both equilibrium and kinetics parameters was derived, and the membrane diffusional resistance (Δm) and feed phase diffusional resistance (Δf) was estimated as 9.5x106 s/cm and 307 s/cm, respectively. At carrier concentrations in the 5-50% v/v range and gold concentrations in the 0.01-0.15 g/L range, metal transport is controlled by diffusion of metal species through the feed boundary layer, whereas at the lowest carrier concentrations, membrane diffusion is predominant. From the receiving solutions, gold can be recovered as gold nanoparticles.

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“…Anode slimes are generally treated by systems such as cyanide [6], halide [7], and biotechnologies [8]. The noble metal ions in the leaching solution are separated by precipitation [9], activated carbon adsorption [10,11], ion exchange [12,13], and solvent extraction [14][15][16][17]. Among these methods, solvent extraction has been employed in commercial plants for a long time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When silver is separated as silver chloride, by leaching with an HCl solution in the presence of some oxidizing agents, the remaining five noble metal ions (Au(III), Pt(IV), Pd(II), Ir(IV), and Rh(III)) are present in the leaching solution. Although several solvent extraction processes have been reported to separate these five noble metal ions [5,14,18,30], they have some disadvantages, such as incomplete separation among the metal ions in each solvent extraction step and the low extraction percentage of Au(III) and Pd(II) from concentrated acid solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Process for the Separation of Noble Metals from HCl Liquor Containing Gold(III), Palladium(II), Platinum(IV), Rhodium(III), and Iridium(IV) by Solvent Extraction

Xing

Lee

2019

Processes

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The demand for noble metals is increasing, owing to their excellent chemical and physical properties. In order to meet the demand, the recovery of noble metals with high purity from diverse secondary resources, which contain small amounts of noble metals, is of immense value. In this work, the possibility of the separation of Au(III), Pd(II), Pt(IV), Rh(III), and Ir(IV) by solvent extraction from a synthetic HCl solution is investigated. Only Au(III) was selectively extracted by Cyanex 272 in the HCl concentration range from 0.5 M to 9 M, leaving the other metal ions in the raffinate. The loaded Au(III) in Cyanex 272 was efficiently stripped by (NH2)2CS. The other four noble metals were sequentially separated on the basis of the procedures reported in the previous work. The mass balance showed that about 98% of each metal, except Pt(IV), was recovered by the proposed process. An efficient process for the recovery of the five noble metal ions from the HCl leaching solution of secondary resources containing these metals can be developed.

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Extraction and separation of palladium(II), platinum(IV), gold(III) and rhodium(III) using piperidine-based extractants

Cited by 87 publications

References 31 publications

Selective and Mutual Separation of Palladium (II), Platinum (IV), and Rhodium (III) Using Aliphatic Primary Amines

Selective and Mutual Separation of Palladium (II), Platinum (IV), and Rhodium (III) Using Aliphatic Primary Amines

Transport of Au(III) from HCl medium across a liquid membrane using R<sub>3</sub>NH<sup>+</sup>Cl<sup>-</sup>/toluene immobilized on a microporous hydrophobic support: optimization and modelling

A Process for the Separation of Noble Metals from HCl Liquor Containing Gold(III), Palladium(II), Platinum(IV), Rhodium(III), and Iridium(IV) by Solvent Extraction

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