Extraction of Amaranth seed oil by supercritical carbon dioxide

Westerman, D.; Santos, Regina Consolação dos; Bosley, JA; Rogers, JS; Al‐Duri, Bushra

doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2005.06.012

Cited by 68 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A slightly higher content of squalene (7.2%) was noted by Sun et al [1995] in oil extracted with the same method from seeds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus. There is little information concerning the squalene content in the oil obtained as a result of supercritical fl uid extraction; however, it is known that some attempts have been made to use it in order to optimise the production of plant oils, including amaranth oil [Temelli, 2009;Westerman et al, 2006]. Important components of the amaranth lipid fraction are tocopherols.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Biologically-Active Substances of Amaranth Oil Obtained by Various Techniques.

Czaplicki¹,

Ogrodowska²,

Zadernowski³

et al. 2012

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Biologically-Active Substances of Amaranth Oil Obtained by Various Techniques.

Czaplicki¹,

Ogrodowska²,

Zadernowski³

et al. 2012

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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“…Increasing temperature favored squalene purity and reduced yield simultaneously. He et al [33] reached 153 g/kg of squalene at 323 K/20 MPa/2 h. Finally, Westerman et al [26] using ground Amaranthus spp. seeds at 323 K/30 MPa/21 h extracted up to 65.7 g/kg squalene.…”

Section: Squalene Identification Andmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous works have already performed SCFE from amaranth seeds previously ground to obtain amaranth oily fractions [22,25,26]. As mentioned above, the most common presentation to commercialize amaranth is a puffed seeds; milling seeds would limit its commercialization, increasing steps in extraction process and rising production cost; however, it is possible to obtain oily extracts from nonmilled raw seeds, although with relatively low yields [19,22].…”

Section: Journal Of Food Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soxhlet yield of total oily matter was 10.32% and 9.19% for raw and puffed seeds, respectively; the highest content of oily matter from amaranth by SCFE was attained at 333 K/30 MPa (1.79%) as shown in Figure 2. Higher content of oily matter has been obtained under higher pressure and temperature conditions; this behavior is commonly reported as a result of temperature increase and competition factors related to solvent density and solute-vapor pressure [26,43]. Although the oily mass extracted was determined, squalene content in extracts defined the best extraction conditions.…”

Section: Amaranth Oily Extract a Hypochondriacus Oily Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Squalene Extraction by Supercritical Fluids from Traditionally Puffed Amaranthus hypochondriacus Seeds

Rosales-García

Jiménez‐Martínez

Cardador‐Martínez

et al. 2017

Journal of Food Quality

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Extraction of squalene, a potent natural antioxidant, from puffed A. hypochondriacus seeds was performed by supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE); besides, to have a blank for comparison, extraction was performed also by Soxhlet method using organic solvents (hexane). Chemical proximal composition and seed morphology were determined in raw, puffed, and SCFE-extracted seeds. Extracts were obtained with a 500 mL capacity commercial supercritical extractor and performed between 10 and 30 MPa at 313, 323, and 333 K under constant CO 2 flow of 0.18 kg CO 2 /h during 8 h. The squalene content was determined and the fatty acids present in the extracts were identified by GC-MS. The extract obtained by SCFE from puffed amaranth seeds reached 460 ± 28.1 g/kg squalene in oily extract at 313 K/20 MPa.

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“…To date, there have been no reports on the cloning and characterization of a gene encoding SQS from Amaranthus, although there have been some reports on methods of extracting and purifying squalene from Amaranthus seeds (He et al 2002, Westerman et al 2006. In this study, we first isolated and characterized a cDNA clone for a grain amaranth SQS gene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterization of a Squalene Synthase Gene from Grain Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus cruentus</i> L.)

Park

Nemoto

Minami

et al. 2016

JARQ

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A gene encoding squalene synthase from grain amaranth was cloned and characterized. The full-length cDNA was 1805-bp long and contained a 1248-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 416 amino acids with a molecular mass of 47.6 kDa. Southern blot analysis revealed that the A. cruentus genome contained a single copy of the gene. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences indicated that the amaranth SQS gene had 12 introns and 13 exons. All 13 exons contributed to the coding sequence. The predicted amino acid sequence of the SQS cDNA shared high homology with those of SQSs from several other plants. It contained five conserved domains that are believed to represent crucial regions of the active site. We conducted qRT-PCR analyses to examine the expression pattern of the SQS gene in seeds at different developmental stages and in several tissues. The amaranth SQS gene was expressed late in seed development and played a role in the perisperm, and mainly expressed in stem and root tissues.

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Extraction of Amaranth seed oil by supercritical carbon dioxide

Cited by 68 publications

References 17 publications

Characteristics of Biologically-Active Substances of Amaranth Oil Obtained by Various Techniques.

Characteristics of Biologically-Active Substances of Amaranth Oil Obtained by Various Techniques.

Squalene Extraction by Supercritical Fluids from Traditionally Puffed Amaranthus hypochondriacus Seeds

Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterization of a Squalene Synthase Gene from Grain Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus cruentus</i> L.)

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