Extraction of flavonoids from Cyclocarya paliurus (Juglandaceae) leaves using ethanol/salt aqueous two‐phase system coupled with ultrasonic

Abstract

An aqueous two phase system (ATPS) coupled with ultrasonic was employed to extract flavonoids from Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja leaves first time. The optimal conditions were determined by Response Surface Methodology(RSM) of ethanol concentration 33%; salt concentration 15%; extraction time 52 min; liquid‐solid ratio 33:1, while the flavonoids extraction yield obtained the maximum of 3.00 ± 0.1%. The antioxidant activity of flavonoids was evaluated by vitro antioxidant assays under the optimal conditions, which indicated that the extract has strong DPPH, ABTS + and superoxide anion radical‐scavenging activity (IC50 value of 0.0013 mg/ml, 0.0296 mg/ml and 0.126 mg/ml) which were close to and even better than Vc (extremely close to 0, 0.0291 mg/ml and 0.433 mg/ml). The study showed that the ATPS‐ultrasonic was a commendable approach for the extraction of flavonoids from C. paliurus and the flavonoids may serve as new natural antioxidant for functional food ingredients and additives. Practical applications In this study, ethanol and inorganic salt are selected as the extraction and separation solvent, which is simpler than the traditional method, environmental friendly, while reducing the process cost, and has great application value. Furthermore, through the analysis of the extraction components of the edible plant Cyclocarya paliurus, it was found that the flavonoids contained in C paliurus had antioxidant activity close to vitamin C. Combined with the above research, C. paliurus has the potential to develop into functional food and additives with antioxidant function.

Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanins and Non-Anthocyanin Flavonoids in Blackberry from Different Growth Stages

“…The superoxide anion radical-scavenging activities of blackberry anthocyanins and non-anthocyanin flavonoid fractions were determined using the pyrogallol method [ 18 ]. Briefly, 3 mL Tris-HCl (pH = 8.2, 0.05 M) solution was placed in a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min, 1 mL of sample was added, and then 0.5 mL pyrogallol (0.025 M) was added.…”

Ethanol/ammonium sulfate ultrasonic‐assisted liquid–liquid extraction of flavonoids from Tibetan Sea‐buckthorn fruit

“…An accurately weighed 1.0 g of sea‐buckthorn powder was thoroughly mixed with ethanol/ammonium sulfate ATPS at a certain phase ratio, and ultrasonic‐assisted extraction was performed at the controlled temperature (Yang et al, 2020). The resulting extract was filtered, centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 min, and the upper phase of the crude extract was analyzed for the content of sea‐buckthorn flavonoids.…”

“…The ultrasound‐assisted ATPS extraction process of flavonoids from sea‐buckthorn using was optimized using response surface method (RSM) (Yang et al, 2020). Starting from the optimized levels of single factors, a BBD was performed with three factors at three levels to investigate their simultaneous effect on the extraction efficiency.…”

Separation and Purification of Astragalus membranaceus Polysaccharides by Deep Eutectic Solvents-Based Aqueous Two-Phase System

“…Compared with the traditional oil-water solvent extraction systems, ATPS extraction has the advantages of mild operation conditions, excellent biocompatibility, and simple operation [25,26]. At present, ATPSs have been widely used in the extraction and separation of proteins [27,28], antibiotics [29], flavonoids [30], polysaccharides [31,32], and so on. DESs-based ATPSs have drawn more attention in the last few years, which were developed for the extraction of proteins [33], anthraquinones [34], DNA [35], 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) [36], and so on.…”