Extraction of Kaempferitrin and Astragalin from Justicia Spicigera by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Its Comparison with Conventional Extraction

Abstract

A study of supercritical fluid CO2 extraction of kaempferitrin (KM) and astragalin (KG) from Justicia spicigera (muicle) was conducted. A 33 Box-Behnken design was used to analyze the effects of pressure (200-300 bar), temperature (40-60° C), and co-solvent flow rate (0.5-1.0 mL/min). The highest KM and KG concentration were achieved at a pressure of 300 bar, a temperature of 60° C, and co-solvent flow rate of 1.0 mL/min (ethanol 99.5 %), with a constant CO2 flow rate of 5 mL/min and extraction time of 180 min. Under these conditions, the experimental values for KM and KG (115.08±2.81 and 56.63±9.02 mg/100 g of dry powder, respectively) were similar to those calculated by the models (109.0 and 44.07 mg/100 g of dry powder, respectively). The use of 70 % ethanol as co-solvent in the supercritical extraction process considerably improved the yields of KM and KG (562.71±156.85 and 79.90±18.03 mg/100 g of dry powder, respectively) compared to the 99.5 % ethanol extractions. The conventional extraction showed the highest yields of KM and KG (574.20±65.10 and 113.10±15.06 mg/100 g of dry powder, respectively) at 70° C and extraction time of 120 min. Adequate yields were achieved of KM and KG by supercritical fluid extraction compared with conventional extraction (98 and 70 %, respectively); therefore supercritical fluid extract of J. spicigera could be used in the development of functional foods, as well as its possible use in traditional medicine by the health professionals.

Caracterización fisicoquímica del extracto de muicle (Justicia spicigera Schechtendal) y su adición exógena en un sistema alimentario (tortilla de maíz)

“…J. spicigera, actualmente se emplea en la medicina tradicional para tratar el cáncer, enfermedades circulatorias, diabetes, leucemia, anemia, giardiasis, fascioliasis, diarrea, nervios, reumatismo, inflamación de estómago y dolor de cabeza (Cid-Ortega et al, 2021), debido a que tiene un contenido significativo de compuestos fenólicos (Cuadro 1), que contribuyen a su actividad antioxidante, haciendo que esta planta sea una alternativa interesante para posibles aplicaciones en la industria alimentaria o farmacéutica.…”