Extraction of trace tilmicosin in real water samples using ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase systems

Abstract

The effective method of ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase extraction, which involves ionic liquid (IL) (1-butyl-3-methyllimidazolium chloride, [C4mim]Cl) and inorganic salt (K2HPO4) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), has been used to extract trace tilmicosin in real water samples which were passed through a 0.45 μm filter. The effects of the different types of salts, the concentration of K2HPO4 and of ILs, the pH value and temperature of the systems on the extraction efficiencies have all been investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the average extraction efficiency is up to 95.8%. This method was feasible when applied to the analysis of tilmicosin in real water samples within the range 0.5-40 μg mL(-1). The limit of detection was found to be 0.05 μg mL(-1). The recovery rate of tilmicosin was 92.0-99.0% from the real water samples by the proposed method. This process is suggested to have important applications for the extraction of tilmicosin.

Phase behavior at Different Temperatures of an Aqueous Two-Phase Ionic Liquid Containing ([BPy] NO3 + Ammonium Sulfate and Sodium Sulfate + Water)

“…The IL-based ATPSs (ILATPSs), which were first found by Gutowski in 2003, have been the focus of recent research . Ionic liquids are usually considered as “green solvents”, they have plenty of advantages and properties, like negligible volatility, high thermal and chemical stability, and nonflammability under ambient conditions. − ILATPSs have been used in purification, concentration, and separation of drugs, , proteins, , amino acids, , and antibiotics. , Unfortunately, in reality, the high cost of ILs and polymers prohibits the use of ATPSs, and encourages the development of low-cost ATPSs as an efficient way to solve this problem. Hydrophilic organic solvents have the advantage of low cost over the polymers and ILs.…”