Extraction, partial purification and characterization of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase from apple fruit

Kuai, Jianping; Dilley, David R.

doi:10.1016/0925-5214(92)90003-8

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In apple discs, it has been shown that only (+)-allocoronamic acid is preferentially utilized as the producer of -butene (7). Our results are in agreement with others in which (±)-allocoronamic acid was reported to be 25 times better than (±)-coronamic acid as a substrate for 1-butene production with melon EFE (17) and 10 times better with apple extract (8). AIB, a structural analog of ACC, has been shown to act as a competitive inhibitor of EFE in vivo (13).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…In this in vitro system, Co2' also inhibited the conversion of ACC to ethylene; at 50 gM, the inhibition was 70%. Again, our results are similar to those reported by previous investigators (8,17). Preclimacteric fruits produce very little ethylene because of their low capability of synthesizing ACC (ACC synthase) and converting ACC to ethylene (EFE).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…While this work was in progress, D.R. Dilley informed us that they also had observed that PVPP was required to recover maximal EFE activity from apple fruit extracts (8). Although PVPP is known to complex polyphenols that may interfere with the extraction of numerous active enzymes, an alternative function of PVPP has also been identified.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction and Partial Characterization of the Ethylene-Forming Enzyme from Apple Fruit

Fernandez-Maculet¹,

Yang²

1992

Plant Physiol.

101

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Ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) was isolated from apple (Malus domestica Borkh. cv Golden Delicious) fruit tissue. The enzyme activity in the homogenate is associated with the pellet fraction and can be solubilized with Triton X-100 or polyvinylpolypyrrolidone. The solubilized enzyme system resembles the in vivo system in that it exhibits a low Km (17 micromolar) for its substrate 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), is stereospecific toward 2-ethyl-ACC stereoisomers for 1-butene production, and is inhibited by cobalt ions and a-aminoisobutyric acid. Intact preclimacteric fruits treated with exogenous ethylene showed a marked increase in in vivo EFE activity and this increase was accompanied by a parallel increase in in vitro EFE activity. These results support the notion that the isolated EFE represents the authentic in vivo activity.Ethylene is a plant hormone that is involved in a number of physiological processes such as fruit ripening and plant senescence (1). It is biosynthesized in higher plants via the following pathway: methionine --S-adenosylmethione --ACC2 -* ethylene (2). The final step is catalyzed by the EFE, which has been well characterized in vivo (18). Study of reaction products reveals that EFE catalyzes the following reaction (12): ACC + ½2 02 --C2H4 + HCN + CO2 + H20.In vivo studies indicate that EFE has a high affinity for ACC and displays stereospecificity toward stereoisomers of AEC from which 1-butene is produced (7,11,16). Much work has been carried out in isolating the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of ACC to ethylene, and a number of cellfree, ethylene-forming systems have been described (for a review see ref. 18). Although these systems are dependent on oxygen, except for intact protoplasts and vacuoles that possess native EFE properties (4), they lack high affinity for ACC and display no stereospecificity for AEC stereoisomers (11,16). Although progress on the isolation of cell-free EFE has been slow, important advances in the molecular biology of this 'This work was supported by grant DCM-9004129 from the National Science Fundation. J.C.F-M. was a recipient of a research fellowship awarded by Ministerio de Educaci6n y Ciencia, Spain.2 Abbreviations: ACC, 1 -aminocyclopropane-1 -carboxylic acid; AEC, 1-amino-2-ethylcyclopropane-1 -carboxylic acid; AIB, a-aminoisobutyric acid; EFE, ethylene-forming enzyme; PVPP, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone.enzyme have been made recently. Based on the observations that EFE activity in tomato fruit was greatly reduced with a pTOM 13 antisense gene, Hamilton et al. (6) suggested that the pTOM 13 gene product is related to EFE. Later work confirmed that pTOM 13 confers EFE activity when expressed in yeast (5) or Xenopus oocytes (15). The deduced amino acid sequence of pTOM 13 shows homology with that of a flavanone-3-hydroxylase. Although Yang and Hoffman (18) suggested as early as 1984 that EFE may be an ACC hydroxylase, attempts to isolate and assay EFE as a hydroxylase have not been seriously pursued until recently. Ververidis and Joh...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

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Extraction and Partial Characterization of the Ethylene-Forming Enzyme from Apple Fruit

Fernandez-Maculet¹,

Yang²

1992

Plant Physiol.

101

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“…5) sob atmosfera de 50% e 70% de CO 2 pode ser conseqüência do efeito inibidor do CO 2 sobre a ácido-carboxílico-1-aminociclopropano (ACC) oxidase, conforme conclusões de Rothan & Nicolas (1994). Mesmo que tenha sido comprovado por Dong et al (1992), em maçãs, que o CO 2 é um ativador essencial da ACC oxidase e, portanto, pode conduzir a uma maior pro- (Yang, 1985), os 3% de O 2 empregados nestes experimentos provavelmente ainda são muito acima do aparente Km para a ACC oxidase em mangas, utilizando como analogia o Km de 0,4% de O 2 determinado por Kuai & Dilley (1992) em maçãs.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Respiração e produção de etanol e de etileno em mangas armazenadas sob diferentes concentrações de dióxido de carbono e oxigênio

Bender

Brecht

2000

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a respiração e produção de etanol e etileno em mangas armazenadas sob reduzidas concentrações de oxigênio (O 2 ) e elevadas concentrações de dióxido de carbono (CO 2 ). Mangas pré-climatéricas das cultivares Kent e Tommy Atkins foram armazenadas, sob fluxo contínuo, por 14 ou 21 dias, a 12°C em três concentrações de O 2 : 3%, 5% ou 21% em mistura com concentrações de 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%, 50% ou 70% de CO 2 . O tratamento-testemunha constou de armazenagem em ar sob fluxo contínuo. Após o período em atmosfera controlada (AC), as mangas foram transferidas e mantidas por 5 dias em ar a 20 o C. Mangas sob concentrações de 50% e 70% de CO 2 produziram mais etanol que nas demais concentrações de CO 2 . A redução para 3% de O 2 na atmosfera de armazenagem aparentemente não teve efeito adicional ao CO 2 na produção de etanol. A atividade respiratória de mangas em AC com CO 2 acima de 45% foi muito mais intensa do que a respiração sob as concentrações de CO 2 mais baixas; a produção de etileno, no entanto, esteve suprimida, e, mesmo após a transferência para ar, não se recuperou, permanecendo inferior aos demais tratamentos. A queda na atividade respiratória das mangas armazenadas a 50% e 70% de CO 2 , quando foram transferidas para ar a 20 o C indica que as elevadas concentrações de CO 2 causaram dano irreparável aos tecidos.Termos para indexação: Mangifera indica, cultivar Kent, cultivar Tommy Atkins, armazenagem em atmosfera controlada, anaerobiose. RESPIRATION RATES AND ETHANOL AND ETHYLENE PRODUCTION OF MANGOES STORED UNDER ELEVATED CARBON DIOXIDE AND REDUCED OXIGEN ATMOSPHERESABSTRACT -The objective of this work was to evaluate respiration rates and ethanol and ethylene production of mangoes stored in controlled atmosphere (CA) with reduced O 2 and elevated CO 2 concentrations. Pre-climacteric Kent and Tommy Atkins mangoes were stored for 14 or 21 days at 12°C in 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%, 50% or 70% CO 2 plus either 21%, 5% or 3% O 2 in a flow through CA system at 12°C. In the control treatment fruits were stored in air at the same temperature and also in the flow through system. After the CA storage the mangoes were transferred and kept for 5 days in air at 20 o C. Mangoes stored in either 50% or 70% CO 2 had the highest ethanol production rates. The reduction to 3% of the O 2 concentration in the storage atmosphere does not seem to have an additional effect on ethanol production. Respiratory rates of mangoes in CA above 45% CO 2 atmospheres were higher than in the other treatments, while ethylene production rates were the lowest values. After transfer to air at 20 o C, respiration rates of mangoes from these treatments dropped significantly below control levels, which, associated with lower rates of ethylene production, indicate that the mangoes had been damaged by the elevated CO 2 atmospheres.

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“…Atmospheres with low O 2 concentrations can inhibit the biosynthesis of ethylene by blocking the ethylene linkage to the receptor responsible for triggering the autocatalytic biosynthesis of this hormone [25]. However, Bender and Brecht reported that the oxygen level had little influence on the ethylene biosynthesis in 'Kent' and 'Tommy Atkins' mangoes [8], possibly because the oxygen level (3% O 2 ) was still adequate in relation to the apparent K m of ACC oxidase (0.4% O 2 ) observed in mangoes by Kuai and Dilley [26].…”

Section: Low-oxygen Storagementioning

confidence: 97%

Storage of ‘Palmer’ mangoes in low-oxygen atmospheres

Teixeira¹,

Durigan²

2011

Fruits

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-Introduction. Mango conservation under traditional refrigeration systems is not totally efficient due to the susceptibility of this fruit to chilling injury, but controlled atmosphere (CA) in association with low temperature can improve its storability and maintain fruit quality during storage. Thus, the aim of our study was to determine the effect of CA with varied concentrations of oxygen during cold storage (12.8°C) of 'Palmer' mango fruit. Materials and methods. Mature green mango fruit were stored in atmospheres with (1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 21%) oxygen at (12.8 ± 0.6)°C and RH~95%) for up to 28 days. A group of fruits without CA was stored in a cold room and served as tray-stored control. Fruit ripening was carried out in ambient conditions [(25.2 ± 0.6)°C, (92.8 ± 2.4)% RH)] at intervals of 14 d. Results and discussion. Fruits stored in low-oxygen concentrations [(1%, 5% and 10%) O 2 ] had significantly lower rates of CO 2 production after 14 d of cold storage. Fruit from all treatments were considered immature after 28 d of cold storage, and the mangoes kept at (1%, 5% and 10%) O 2 maintained their initial firmness (119.9-125.6 N) when compared with those stored in higher oxygen atmospheres, which underwent a substantial loss of firmness (96.8-109.1 N). At low-oxygen levels, fruit also had lower contents of soluble pectin and total soluble sugars, whereas colour parameters were not affected by the atmospheres. After transfer from CA containers to ambient conditions, even from the lowest oxygen concentrations [(1% and 5%) O 2 ], fruit ripened normally in just 8 d without presenting any low oxygen-related injury. [(119,9 à 125,6) N] par rapport à celles qui avaient été stockées sous atmosphères avec des concentrations d'oxygène plus élevées qui ont subi une perte substantielle de fermeté [(96,8 à 109,1) N]. Sous atmosphères à faibles concentrations en oxygène, les fruits ont présenté également les teneurs en pectines solubles et en sucres solubles totaux les plus faibles, tandis que les paramètres de couleur n'ont pas été affectés par l'atmosphère. Après transfert des conteneurs stockés sous AC à la température ambiante, même pour les plus faibles concentrations en oxygène [(1 % et 5 %) O 2 ], les fruits ont mûri normalement en seulement 8 jours sans présenter de blessures liées aux faibles teneurs en oxygène.Brésil / Mangifera indica / fruits / stockage en atmosphère contrôlée / respiration / propriété physicochimique / qualité / aptitude à la conservation 1 Fac. Ciênc. Farm. Ribeirão Preto, Univ. São Paulo, Dep. Anál. Clín., Toxicol. Bromatol., Av. do Café, s/n,

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Extraction, partial purification and characterization of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase from apple fruit

Cited by 61 publications

References 17 publications

Extraction and Partial Characterization of the Ethylene-Forming Enzyme from Apple Fruit

Extraction and Partial Characterization of the Ethylene-Forming Enzyme from Apple Fruit

Respiração e produção de etanol e de etileno em mangas armazenadas sob diferentes concentrações de dióxido de carbono e oxigênio

Storage of ‘Palmer’ mangoes in low-oxygen atmospheres

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