Extrafrontal structural changes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A topographic analysis of combined structural and microstructural brain imaging

Kim, Seong Hoon; Lim, Sung Chul; Kim, Woojun; Kwon, Oh Hun; Jeon, Sohee; Lee, Jongmin; Shon, Young-Min

doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2015.06.009

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…The ventral posterolateral and ventromedial nuclei constitute the ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamus, which convey somatosensory information to somatosensory cortex of the parietal lobe . This is a consistent finding with a report that JME is associated with structural abnormalities in not only the thalamo‐frontal system but its adjacent regions, such as parietal cortex, based on gray matter thickness analysis . Another study with EEG functional connectivity also demonstrated that there was significant alteration among cortical areas related with sensory‐motor integration in the patients with JME .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…22 This is a consistent finding with a report that JME is associated with structural abnormalities in not only the thalamo-frontal system but its adjacent regions, such as parietal cortex, based on gray matter thickness analysis. 23 Another study with EEG functional connectivity also demonstrated that there was significant alteration among cortical areas related with sensory-motor integration in the patients with JME. 24 The sensory-motor integration is a complex process that produces task-specific motor output based on selective and rapid integration of sensory information from multiple sources, during which the parietal cortex plays a pivotal role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Thalamic nuclei volumes and network in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

et al. 2019

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Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations of thalamic nuclei volumes and intrinsic thalamic networks in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) compared to healthy controls. Methods We enrolled 50 patients with JME and 42 healthy controls. We obtained structural volumes of the individual thalamic nuclei based on T1‐weighted imaging and performed intrinsic thalamic network analysis using graph theoretical analysis. We analyzed the differences of thalamic nuclei volumes and intrinsic thalamic networks between the patients with JME and healthy controls. Results In the patients with JME, there were significant alterations of thalamic nuclei volumes compared to healthy controls. Right laterodorsal and left suprageniculate nuclei volumes were significantly increased (0.0019% vs 0.0014%, P < .0001; 0.0011% vs 0.0008%, P = .0006, respectively), whereas left ventral posterolateral, left ventromedial, and left pulvinar inferior nuclei volumes (0.0572% vs 0.0664%, P = .0001; 0.0013% vs 0.0015%, P = .0002; 0.0120% vs 0.0140%, P < .0001, respectively) were decreased in the patients with JME. Furthermore, the intrinsic thalamic network of the patients with JME was significantly different from that of the healthy controls. The modularity in the patients with JME was significantly increased over that in healthy controls (0.0785 vs 0.0212, P = .039). Conclusion We found that there were significant alterations of thalamic nuclei volumes and intrinsic thalamic networks in patients with JME compared to healthy controls. These findings might contribute to the underlying pathogenesis of in JME.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Thalamic nuclei volumes and network in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

et al. 2019

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“…These findings could be related to the neuropsychological features of JME discussed below [6]. Whereas many studies indicate primary involvement of the frontal lobe, other findings showed participation of extensive extra-frontal networks encompassing conspicuous alteration of white matter diffusivity in temporo-parietal regions [46].…”

Section: Neuroimaging Findingsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy as a spectrum disorder: A focused review

Baykan

Wolf

2017

Seizure

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In consequence of newer research juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is no longer seen as a homogeneous disease. The causes of the existing variance are only partially known yet. We discuss to what extent the phenotypical spectrum of this polygenetically determined disorder expresses genetically defined endophenotypes, or is due to mere quantitative differences in the expression of the core phenotype. Of the three common seizure types of JME, myoclonic, generalized tonic-clonic and absences, absences also occur independently and are strong candidates for an endophenotype. Focal features may in some patients be seen in clinical seizures or the EEG but rarely in both. They have no morphological correlates. In a system epilepsy, local manifestations are possible, and some are due to reflex mechanisms. Of the four reflex epileptic traits common in JME, photosensitivity and praxis induction appear related to basic mechanisms of the core syndrome, whereas language-induced orofacial reflex myocloni and eye closure sensitivity are also seen in other clinical contexts and therefore seem to represent endophenotypes. Cognitive abnormalities indicating slight frontal lobe dysfunction seem to be ubiquitous in JME and are also seen in unaffected siblings of patients. Cluster B personality disorder is found in 1/3 of patients, representing a more severe expression of the underlying pathology. Treatment response and prognosis seem to be affected by an interplay of the described factors producing the severest end of the JME spectrum. The spectrum appears to be due to an interaction of stronger or weaker expression of the core phenotype with various endophenotypes.

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“…Kim et al, [63] using the combined structural and diffusion tensor MRI analysis, found that 18 JME patients compared with 22 normal controls exhibited white matter alterations in the antero-superior corona radiata, both centroparietal regions, and the left temporal lobe. JME patients also had reduced gray matter thickness (right paracentral lobule, precuneus, dorsolateral parietal and inferior temporal cortex; left dorsolateral frontal and anterior temporal areas).…”

Section: Cerebrocortical Microdysgenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Disorders in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Шилкина¹,

Artyukhov²,

Moskaleva³

et al. 2017

Int J Biomed

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Cognitive disorders are often associated with epilepsy and are a result of a combination of various factors. This review describes scientific advances in the field of cognitive disorders in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), the most common form of idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Data in this review were collected through an extensive literature search of available full-text publications in PubMed and eLIBRARY.RU databases. We selected four theories of the origin of cognitive impairment in JME patients for discussion, based on the analysis of available studies. Our findings highlight the etiological heterogeneity of cognitive disorders in JME and the importance early screening for them. (Int J Biomed. 2017; 7(1):9-14.)

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Extrafrontal structural changes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A topographic analysis of combined structural and microstructural brain imaging

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Thalamic nuclei volumes and network in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Thalamic nuclei volumes and network in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy as a spectrum disorder: A focused review

Cognitive Disorders in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

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