Extranodal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas of the Head and Neck

Wong, D.; Fuller, Lillian M.; Butler, James J.; Shullenberger, C. C.

doi:10.2214/ajr.123.3.471

Cited by 99 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The majority of the patients had tumors which belonged to the aggressive histological varieties, particularly diffuse large cell and immunoblastic lymphomas. These results are in accordance with those reported by other [3,6,[9][10][11][12][13], A few comments, however, are warranted. First, in the pre sent series strict criteria were employed to distinguish extranodal from nodal lymphomas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…We feel that the extranodal origin of lymphomas in such an advanced stage is at least uncertain. Second, the incidence of lymphomas with follicular pattern (13.6%) in the pre sent series is comparable with the incidence reported in the West [9][10]12] and higher than that reported in the M id dle East [4], The initial response rate to treatment was very high, with 94.2% CR rate, regardless of the way of management (chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both). More than 30% of the patients who achieved CR subsequently relapsed mostly in the distant nodal or extranodal sites.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Patients in stage I had a better outcome than pa tients in stage II disease. The importance of stage has been stressed repeatedly in the literature [3,9,13] but differences in survival between stages I and 11 was not statistically sig nificant in all the reported series [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary Extranodal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of the Head and Neck

Economopoulos

Asprou²,

Stathakis³

et al. 1992

Oncology

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Among 387 cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) treated in our units between January 1977 and December 1990, 52 (13.4%) had primary extranodal (PE) NHL of the head and neck. The median age was 55 years with a M:F ratio of 1.9:1. The most frequent primary site was the tonsil (28 cases), followed by oral cavity, parotid gland, orbit and other sites. The aggressive histological subtypes predominate. 55.2% of the patients were in stage I and 44.8% in stage II of disease. The CR rate was high (94.2%). The 5 years’ overall survival rate was 65% and it was influenced mainly by stage (stage I 82.5% vs. 48.7% in stage II). Sex, age and histology did not significantly affect survival rate. Patients with primary Waldeyer’s ring involvement (WR group) did not differ significantly from the other primary sites analyzed as a group (non-WR group) in respect to median age, sex distribution, histology and CR rates. They differed, however, in: (1) stage distribution with stage II disease more frequent in the WR group; (2) overall survival and disease-free survival both of which were significantly better in the non-WR group; and (3) the high incidence of GI tract involvement as initial manifestation of relapse in the WR group. It is concluded that the behaviour of the Waldeyer’s ring PE-NHL is rather distinctive and should be considered separately from the other PE-NHL of the head and neck.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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Primary Extranodal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of the Head and Neck

Economopoulos

Asprou²,

Stathakis³

et al. 1992

Oncology

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“…In a study of 156 cases of extranodal head and neck lymphoma, Jacobs and Hoppe 20 reported that lymphoma of the paranasal sinuses had the poorest prognosis (5-year survival, 12%), which was contrary to our study. Table 3.…”

Section: Survivalcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…41% (n=16) cases were in stage I, 43% (n=17) in stage II, 3% (n=1) in stage III, and 13% (n=5) were in stage IV. These results are in accordance with those reported by Conley et al 19 , Jacobs and Hoppe 17 , and Wong et aL 20 from the United States.…”

Section: Survivalsupporting

confidence: 93%

Head and Neck Lymphomas: Tip of the Iceberg?

Babu¹,

K²,

Kc³

et al. 2015

ijSciences

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Background: Lymphomas comprise around 5% of all head and neck neoplasms and is the second most common extra nodal non hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). However there is sporadic data on this entity from the subcontinent and hence we undertook this study.Methodology: This retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care oncology center in India on diagnosed cases of NHL between January 2007 and December 2013. All patients were diagnosed based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Staging work up was done in all patients. Patients were considered as primary Head and Neck lymphomas if there was head and neck as the predominant site with or without regional lymph node involvement.Results: A total of 39 patients were studied. The age at presentation ranged from 29 to 78 years. The most common site of presentation was oral cavity (26%; n=10), followed by parotid and thyroid (18% each; n=7), eye (12%, n=5), maxilla (8%; n=3), paranasal sinuses (8%; n-=3) cheek (8%, n=3), and nasal cavity (2%, n=1). 41% (n=16) cases were in stage I, 43% (n=17) in stage II, 3% (n=1) in stage III, and 13% (n=5) were in stage IV. Most common histology was DLBCL (71%; n=28), followed by plasmablastic (10%; n=4), marginal zone (8%, n=3), mantle cell (3%; n=1), follicular lymphomas (5%; n=2), and NK/T cell lymphoma (3%; n=1). Most of the patients were of low risk (67%; n=26), followed by intermediate (23%; n=9), and high risk (10%; n=4). Patients were treated with anthracycline based chemotherapy +/-radiotherapy. In this study, stage I and stage II patients had a better prognosis and overall survival, median OS 28 months and 11 months, respectively. In stage III and IV, it was 7 and 3 months, respectively. According to site, the best median overall survival was seen with parotid (27 m), paranasal sinus (26m), and oral cavity (23 m), followed by thyroid (18 m) nasal cavity (17 m), maxilla (11 m), eye (8 m), and cheek (7 m).

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The Management of Extranodal Head and Neck Lymphomas

Jacobs¹,

Weiss²,

Hoppe³

1986

Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

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\s=b\The results from 156 patients with extranodal head and neck lymphomas treated at Stanford (Calif) University School of Medicine are combined with the experience of other investigators to recommend the management of these lymphomas. The tonsil and sinuses were the most common sites of presentation, and the most common histology was diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. The histologic classification systems are described as well as the use of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis. The appropriate staging procedures and the Ann Arbor staging system are discussed. Following the staging of 948 patients, 66% were found to have stage I or stage II disease and 34% had more widespread disease. Treatment with radiotherapy is discussed. Patterns of relapse following local radiotherapy for 360 relapsing patients with stage I and II disease showed a 73% distal relapse rate.Various treatment programs are recommended based on site, stage, and histology.

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Extranodal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas of the Head and Neck

Abstract: Constitutionalsymptoms, 2 patients.

Cited by 99 publications

References 4 publications

Primary Extranodal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of the Head and Neck

Primary Extranodal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of the Head and Neck

Head and Neck Lymphomas: Tip of the Iceberg?

The Management of Extranodal Head and Neck Lymphomas

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