Extraversion and happiness: The mediating role of social support and hope

Abstract

Studies have found that extraversion enhances happiness indirectly through social support. However, it is unclear how social support may be connected to happiness. On the basis of a literature review, we hypothesize that individual hope may play an important role in the relationship between social support and happiness. Using a serial mediation model, the present study attempted to investigate the hypothetical mediating role of hope in the relationship between extraversion and happiness and between social support and happiness. Analysis of responses of 360 undergraduate students showed that extraversion, social support, and hope were significantly linked with happiness. Moreover, hope was found to mediate the linkage of extraversion and happiness and of social support and happiness. The results also supported the view that extraversion enhances happiness through social support and then hope (serial mediating effect). Lastly, the serial mediating effect was found to be significantly lower than the other two indirect effects. The findings offer insights into the effect of social support on happiness and extend the understanding of the relationship between extraversion and happiness.

Higher Socioeconomic Status Predicts Less Risk of Depression in Adolescence: Serial Mediating Roles of Social Support and Optimism

“…To test the multiple serial-mediation hypotheses, we used the SPSS macro PROCESS ( Hayes, 2013 ) which has been used by lots of researchers ( Tan et al, 2018 ). The Model 6 with 95% bias-corrected confidence intervals (CIs) based on 10,000 bootstrap samples was used to examine the indirect effects of SES on depression through social support and optimism.…”

Correlations Among Classroom Emotional Climate, Social Self-Efficacy, and Psychological Health of University Students in Taiwan

“…For instance, a classroom climate that is safe, friendly, warm, supportive, and non-threatening can improve student academic achievements, develop higher self-esteem, and promote positive learning attitudes in students (Chionh & Fraser, 2009). Similarly, social support plays a very important role in coping efficacy, a sense of happiness, and psychological health (Harandi et al, 2017; Tan et al, 2018; Wei et al, 2003). Teachers’ instructional support or instructional suggestions can help make decisions and guide objectives, resulting in a sense of accomplishment and self-worth, as well as elevate the motivation and belief of success, so that students become more diligent about achieving their academic objectives.…”

Construct validity and measurement invariance of the Asian Family Characteristics Scale in the Thai population

“…The AFCS should also be positively associated with a positive mindset and personality dimensions, such as selfcompassion [11], satisfaction with life [4][5][6][7], agreeableness and conscientiousness [1][2][3]. In contrast, it should be negatively correlated with neuroticism [1][2][3], depression, anxiety and stress [8][9][10][11][12][13]. On the other hand, the literature suggested that the AFCS would have a low or nonsignificant association with extraversion and openness to experience [1,2].…”

“…Research has shown that the characteristics of one's family and its functioning have a profound impact on individuals' development of various characteristics, attitudes, behaviors and mental health issues. Studies showed that family cohesion and a positive AFCS construct validity in Thai population parent-child relationship have small-to medium-sized positive correlations with the child's conscientiousness and agreeableness, small-to medium-sized negative correlation with neuroticism, and weak or nonsignificant correlation with extraversion and openness to experience [1][2][3]. Individuals who have a harmonious relationship with their family members tend to report higher subjective well-being [4,5] and life satisfaction [6,7].…”