Extreme environments in the critical zone: Linking acidification hazard of acid sulfate soils in mound spring discharge zones to groundwater evolution and mantle degassing

Shand, Paul; Gotch, T.; Love, Andrew J.; Raven, Mark; Priestley, Stacey C.; Grocke, S.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.147

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to other shortcomings, the Gibbs Diagram does not provide information about processes impacting groundwater SO 4 concentrations such as pyrite oxidation (Shand et al, 2016) or gypsum dissolution (Woldemariyam and Ayenew, 2016), which can be critically important to groundwater major element compositions. The evolution of groundwater quality in carbonate aquifers is presented in Hanshaw and Back (1979), where the processes were described by using a Piper (1944) diagram.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater chemistry and the Gibbs Diagram

Marandi

Shand

2018

Applied Geochemistry

Self Cite

265

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The 'Gibbs Diagram' represents some of the key processes controlling surface water chemistry. This review highlights that the processes listed on the Gibbs Diagram may not be applicable for assessing processes controlling groundwater chemistry. We discuss the importance of geochemical processes governing groundwater chemistry in the Gibbs Diagram framework. We show that the processes represented on the Gibbs Diagram-originally developed for surface waters-unlikely represent key processes controlling the chemistry of most groundwater systems. Highlights• We explain the background of Gibbs (1970) diagram • We show the limitations of the use of Gibbs diagram in case of groundwater systems • We discuss the main processes defining the groundwater geochemistry

show abstract

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater chemistry and the Gibbs Diagram

Marandi

Shand

2018

Applied Geochemistry

Self Cite

265

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Herczeg et al (1991) demonstrated that groundwater entering the western margin is open to CO 2 , a by-product of methanogenesis, which also drives carbonate dissolution along the groundwater flow path. In addition, leakage of deeply sourced CO 2 -rich fluids, discussed further in section 'Cross-formational flow', may add to the total CO 2 load in the groundwater (Crossey et al 2013;Italiano et al 2014;Shand et al 2016). Moreover, low SO 4 concentrations (Fig.…”

Section: Eastern Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, despite the importance of groundwater from the semi-arid and arid western GAB as a water source, very few studies have focused on the geochemical and hydrological processes in this area. The regional variations in groundwater chemistry in the western GAB are complex with compositions being a function of a myriad of different controlling processes (Radke et al 2000;Shand et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical variations of groundwater and spring discharge of the western Great Artesian Basin, Australia: implications for regional groundwater flow

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The western Great Artesian Basin (GAB) is an important water source for pastoral and town water supplies, as well as for springs containing endemic flora and fauna, within arid Australia. This study focuses on the hydrochemical variations of groundwater and spring discharge in order to determine the major geochemical processes responsible for water quality and evolution across the western GAB. Regional hydrochemical trends within groundwater generally support the modern groundwater potentiometric surface and interpreted flow paths, highlighting that these approximately represent the long-term flow paths. Additionally, the regional chemical variations along the flow paths in the western GAB are complex, with their composition being a function of several controlling processes, including location of recharge, evapo-concentration, mixing and various water-rock interactions. These processes cause groundwater east of Lake Eyre to be predominantly of Na-HCO 3 type, whereas groundwater originating from the western margin is of Na-Cl-(-SO 4 ) type. The GAB springs appear to be discharging water predominantly from the main GAB aquifer, the J Aquifer; however, a component of the discharging water from several springs is from a source other than the J Aquifer. Current understanding of the hydrochemical variations of groundwater and spring discharge of the western GAB can help provide constraints on groundwater flow, as well as provide an understanding of the geochemical and hydrological processes responsible for water quality evolution.

show abstract

“…The interaction between groundwater and local geological context creates different water chemistry environments across springs in a complex [48]. For example, the particular stratigraphy underlying each spring, or the accumulated salts in the sediments from which a spring emerges, strongly affects the ionic composition of the water that fills them [48,53]. Microhabitat diversity within springs, particularly depth and flow regimes, strongly influence spring assemblages [20,48,54], with elements appearing related to a spring's flow rate [55] and age [56].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Species Requirements within a Heterogeneous Spring Complex Affects Patch Occupancy of Threatened Snails in Australian Desert Springs

Rossini

Fensham

Walter

2020

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(1) The distribution of organisms that inhabit patchy systems is dictated by their ability to move between patches, and the suitability of environmental conditions at patches to which they disperse. Understanding whether the species involved are identical to one another in their environmental requirements and their responses to variance in their environment is essential to understanding ecological processes in these systems, and to the management of species whose patchy and limited distributions present conservation risks. (2) Artesian springs in Australia’s arid interior are “islands” of hospitable wetland in uninhabitable “oceans” of dry land and are home to diverse and threatened assemblages of endemic species with severely restricted distributions. Many have strict environmental requirements, but the role of environmental heterogeneity amongst springs has rarely been considered alongside conventional patch characteristics (isolation and patch geometry). (3) We quantified environmental heterogeneity across springs, and the relationship between spring size, isolation (distances to neighbours) and environmental quality (depth, water chemistry), and patterns of occupancy and population persistence of six endemic spring snail species, all from different families, and with all restricted to a single <8000 ha system of springs in Australia. To do so, a survey was conducted for comparison against survey results of almost a decade before, and environmental variables of the springs were measured. Many of the snail species occupied few sites, and environmental variables strongly covaried, so an ordination-based approach was adopted to assess the relationship between environmental measures and the distribution of each species, and also whether springs that held a higher diversity of snails had specific characteristics. (4) Each snail species occupied a subset of springs (between 5% and 36% of the 85 sampled) and was associated with a particular set of conditions. Of the six species considered in further detail, most were restricted to the few springs that were large and deep. Species in family Tateidae were distinct in having colonised highly isolated springs (with >300 m to nearest neighbour). Springs with highest diversity were significantly larger, deeper and had more numerous neighbours within 300 m than those devoid of endemic snails, or those with low diversity. (5) Although spring size and isolation affect patterns of occupancy, the six snail species had significantly different environmental requirements from one another and these correlated with the distribution pattern of each. Approaches that ignore the role of environmental quality—and particularly depth in springs—are overlooking important processes outside of patch geometry that influence diversity. These organisms are highly susceptible to extinction, as most occupy less than 3 ha of habitat spread across few springs, and habitat degradation continues to compromise what little wetland area is needed for their persistence.

show abstract

Extreme environments in the critical zone: Linking acidification hazard of acid sulfate soils in mound spring discharge zones to groundwater evolution and mantle degassing

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Groundwater chemistry and the Gibbs Diagram

Groundwater chemistry and the Gibbs Diagram

Hydrochemical variations of groundwater and spring discharge of the western Great Artesian Basin, Australia: implications for regional groundwater flow

Different Species Requirements within a Heterogeneous Spring Complex Affects Patch Occupancy of Threatened Snails in Australian Desert Springs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About