Extreme weather events related to climate change: widespread flooding in Iran, March–April 2019

Fazel-Rastgar, Farahnaz

doi:10.1007/s42452-020-03964-9

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…As illustrated in Figure 6, the highest SWA in Iran occurred from 1990 to 2000; this period was also reported to have the greatest number of flood incidents [98]. A downward trend in the number of flood events can be seen after 2000, similar to SWA trends [98]. Destructive and massive floods have been reported in Iran in 1992 and 2019, with SWA (Figure 6) experiencing greater values.…”

Section: Flood and Drought Eventsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Therefore, flood and drought events (as extreme hydrological events) directly affect surface water resources [96,97]. As illustrated in Figure 6, the highest SWA in Iran occurred from 1990 to 2000; this period was also reported to have the greatest number of flood incidents [98]. A downward trend in the number of flood events can be seen after 2000, similar to SWA trends [98].…”

Section: Flood and Drought Eventsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Monitoring Long-Term Spatiotemporal Changes in Iran Surface Waters Using Landsat Imagery

et al. 2022

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Within water resources management, surface water area (SWA) variation plays a vital role in hydrological processes as well as in agriculture, environmental ecosystems, and ecological processes. The monitoring of long-term spatiotemporal SWA changes is even more critical within highly populated regions that have an arid or semi-arid climate, such as Iran. This paper examined variations in SWA in Iran from 1990 to 2021 using about 18,000 Landsat 5, 7, and 8 satellite images through the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud processing platform. To this end, the performance of twelve water mapping rules (WMRs) within remotely-sensed imagery was also evaluated. Our findings revealed that (1) methods which provide a higher separation (derived from transformed divergence (TD) and Jefferies–Matusita (JM) distances) between the two target classes (water and non-water) result in higher classification accuracy (overall accuracy (OA) and user accuracy (UA) of each class). (2) Near-infrared (NIR)-based WMRs are more accurate than short-wave infrared (SWIR)-based methods for arid regions. (3) The SWA in Iran has an overall downward trend (observed by linear regression (LR) and sequential Mann–Kendall (SQMK) tests). (4) Of the five major water basins, only the Persian Gulf Basin had an upward trend. (5) While temperature has trended upward, the precipitation and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), a measure of the country’s greenness, have experienced a downward trend. (6) Precipitation showed the highest correlation with changes in SWA (r = 0.69). (7) Long-term changes in SWA were highly correlated (r = 0.98) with variations in the JRC world water map.

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Section: Flood and Drought Eventsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Flood and Drought Eventsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Monitoring Long-Term Spatiotemporal Changes in Iran Surface Waters Using Landsat Imagery

et al. 2022

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“…These events have the potential to disrupt transportation, inflict damage on infrastructure, and pose risks to the safety of tourists. The historical sites and monuments, including the temples of Luxor and the Abu Simbel temples, are particularly susceptible to these weather events, putting them at risk of structural damage and jeopardizing their long-term preservation (Fazel-Rastgar, 2020;Russell, 2013). https://ijthsx.journals.ekb.eg/…”

Section: Evaluating the Impact Of Climate Change On Luxor And Aswanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Impact of Climate Change on the Egyptian Tourist Destination - An Applied Study on Luxor and Aswan Governorates

Soliman,

fathy,

soliman

2024

The International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Studies

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The study aimed to identify the main causes of climate change, the impact of climate change on inbound tourism to Egypt, and to evaluate the effects of climate change on tourist destinations in general and archaeological sites in Luxor and Aswan in particular. The study relied on a questionnaire to collect data to verify these objectives. 286 questionnaires were distributed randomly among faculty members, experts from the ministries of tourism, antiquities, environment, and the tourism development authority in many governorates within Egypt. The study analyzed 226 questionnaires using SPSS v.28 software. The results highlighted inadequate environmental human practices as the main cause of climate change. The study also showed that climate change has a strong impact on inbound tourism to Egypt through changes in tourists' perspective when making the decision to travel to Egypt. Furthermore, the study indicated that the most significant impact of climate change on tourist destinations was severe drought, while the most significant impact on archaeological sites was the negative impact on the colors of tombs and temples. The study recommended maintaining the climate of archaeological sites and reducing the impact of climate change on them by regulating the temperature and humidity in the buildings and structures surrounding them.

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“…The occurrence and drivers of widespread flooding have recently received considerable attention due to loss and damages caused by them ( Di Capua et al, 2021, Fazel-Rastgar, 2020, Merz et al, 2021Nanditha et al, 2023, Vijaykumar et al, 2021. The causative hydrometeorological factors of devastating floods have been recognized (Hong et al, 2011;Lyngwa & Nayak, 2021;Martius et al, 2013;Vijaykumar et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet Antecedent Conditions and High Baseflow Trigger Widespread Floods in Indian Sub-continental River Basins

Nanditha

Mishra

2023

Preprint

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Widespread floods affecting multiple subbasins in a river basin are more disastrous than localized flooding. Understanding the mechanisms, drivers and probability of widespread flooding is pertinent for devising suitable policy measures. Here, we investigate the occurrence and drivers of widespread flooding in seven Indian sub-continental river basins during the observed climate (1959-2020). We use a novel methodology for determining widespread floods and a non-stationary extreme value distribution to identify the mechanisms of widespread flooding. We find that the peninsular river basins have a high probability of widespread flooding, while the transboundary basins of Ganga and Brahmaputra have a low probability. In addition to wet antecedent conditions, the relative rareness of high flows across different subbasins is crucial in explaining the variability of widespread flood probability across different river basins. Our results show that favourable antecedent baseflow and soil moisture conditions, uniform precipitation distribution, and streamflow seasonality determine the seasonality and probability of widespread floods. Further, widespread floods are associated with large atmospheric circulations, resulting in near-uniform precipitation within a river basin. Moreover, we found no significant relation between widespread floods and oceanic circulations. Our findings highlight the prominent drivers and mechanisms of widespread floods with implications for flood mitigation in India.

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Extreme weather events related to climate change: widespread flooding in Iran, March–April 2019

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Monitoring Long-Term Spatiotemporal Changes in Iran Surface Waters Using Landsat Imagery

Monitoring Long-Term Spatiotemporal Changes in Iran Surface Waters Using Landsat Imagery

Evaluation of the Impact of Climate Change on the Egyptian Tourist Destination - An Applied Study on Luxor and Aswan Governorates

Wet Antecedent Conditions and High Baseflow Trigger Widespread Floods in Indian Sub-continental River Basins

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