Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) generates alterations in the synthesis and secretion of oestradiol-17 β (E 2 ) in uterine tissues: An in vitro study

Biological effects of the EMF influence on animal cells and tissues in in vitro cultures - a summary of own research

“…Exposure of uterine tissues to EMF induces changes in steroidogenic endometrial and myometrial activity, expressed by the variability of CYP19A3 mRNA expression and aromatase P450 activity in the study area. Progesterone acts as a potentially protective factor against the effects of EMF [6].…”

Effect of the Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Radiation on Transcriptomic Profile of Pig Myometrium during the Peri-Implantation Period—An In Vitro Study

“…Previous studies provided shreds of evidence that the exposition to the EMFs affects the reproductive processes in mammals [ 2 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. In females, the EMF radiation altered the course and length of the estrous cycle, ovulation and conception rate, the dynamics of fetal growth, and pregnancy outcome [ 2 , 4 , 6 ].…”

“…Nevertheless, the molecular background of these changes is hardly understood. Due to the fact that the success of early pregnancy is ensured by a unique embryo-maternal dialog involving the action of steroid hormones [ 9 , 10 ], it was proposed that jeopardizing effects of the EMF treatment on pregnancy development might be coupled with the altered uterine steroidogenic activity [ 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 ]. Indeed, recent in vitro studies on a pig model demonstrated that the EMF treatment (50 and 120 Hz, 8 mT, 2 and 4 h) induces alterations in the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones by the uterine tissues, including the myometrium [ 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 ].…”

“…Due to the fact that the success of early pregnancy is ensured by a unique embryo-maternal dialog involving the action of steroid hormones [ 9 , 10 ], it was proposed that jeopardizing effects of the EMF treatment on pregnancy development might be coupled with the altered uterine steroidogenic activity [ 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 ]. Indeed, recent in vitro studies on a pig model demonstrated that the EMF treatment (50 and 120 Hz, 8 mT, 2 and 4 h) induces alterations in the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones by the uterine tissues, including the myometrium [ 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 ]. Notably, in pigs, the myometrium contributes significantly to the total uterine production of androstenedione (A 4 ) [ 13 ], which induces anabolic processes in the target tissues and regulates morphogenesis, cellular proliferation, and hyperplasia [ 14 ].…”

Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure on the skeletal muscle functions in rats

“…It is not yet entirely clear, however, whether the effects of ELF-EMFs on the human body is beneficial or harmful. It was found that ELF-EMFs have significant effects on cells and tissues and their functions in the living organisms, such as a marked change in the synaptic plasticity generated in synapses of the dentate gyrus (Komaki et al, 2014); persistent changes in neuronal activity after prolonged exposure to ELF-EMFs (Komaki et al, 2014); dramatic effects from behaviour to physiology and protein expression (Wyszkowska et al, 2016); important alterations of glucose and lipid metabolisms (Hashish et al, 2008); deleterious effect on ultra structure of prostate gland in rat (Khaki et al, 2008); the occurrence of oxidative stress-based nervous system pathologies associated with ageing (Falone et al, 2008); regulation of calcium-related activities in cardiomyocytes (Wei et al, 2015); absence of evidence of persisting unrepaired nuclear DNA single-strand breaks in distinct types of cells in the brain, kidney and liver of adult mice after continuous 8-week 50 Hz magnetic field (MF) exposure with flux density of 0.1 or 1.0 mT (Korr et al, 2014); changes in the synthesis and release of oestradiol-17β (E2) in uterine tissues (Koziorowska et al, 2018); the treatment of cerebral ischaemia by reduction neuronal cell death by low-energy low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) (Gessi et al, 2019); increased bone density, faster recovery, increased formation of new bone, a further opening of the mouth and decreased pain depending on the post-operative PEMF treatment with 1 mT intensity and 40 Hz frequency in mandibular bone fractures (Mohajerani et al, 2019); and the improvement of pain intensity, disability and lumbar range of motion in PEMF exposure with 20 Gauss low intensity, 50 Hz frequency in patients with non-chronic specific low back pain (Elshiwi et al, 2019).…”