Extruded dry beans and serum lipoprotein and plasma haemostatic factors in hyperlipidaemic men

Abstract

Objective: To examine the effects of the inclusion of extruded dry beans in the diet on serum lipoprotein, plasma ®brinogen, plasma viscosity and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) levels. Subjects and study design: Twenty-two free living hyperlipidaemic men participated in this randomised, controlled, cross-over study. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. After a run-in period of four weeks, during which subjects followed their normal diet with the exclusion of dry beans, group A had to include 110 gaday of extruded dry beans in the form of baked products for four weeks while group B continued with the run-in diet. A washout period of four weeks followed after which the experimental intervention was crossed-over. Anthropometric measurements, serum lipoproteins and haemostatic variables were measured with standard methods and dietary intakes were estimated with ®ve-day dietary records at the beginning and end of each experimental period. Results: Compliance was determined as 83.5% with a mean intake of 91.9 gaday extruded dry beans. Extruded dry beans did not have signi®cant effects on total serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A or B, plasma ®brinogen and plasma viscosity concentrations. High density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations decreased in both the dry bean and control periods. Lipoprotein (a) concentrations increased with intake of extruded dry beans, but this increase was probably not due to an independent effect of extruded dry beans. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels were signi®cantly lower after the intake of extruded dry beans compared to the control period. Conclusions: The inclusion of 91.9 g extruded dry beans per day in the diet had no effects on serum lipoproteins, plasma ®brinogen and viscosity levels but decreased PAI-1 levels. Descriptors: extrusion; dry beans; lipoproteins; ®brinogen; viscosity; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; PAI-1 Sponsorship: Dry Bean Producers Organisation (South Africa) and the Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, Potchefstroom, South Africa.

Nutrition and hemostasis: A focus on urbanization in South Africa

“…Other studies included the effect of tea which found no effect on PAI-1 act levels [75]. While red palm oil, palm oil, and sunflower oil also had no effects on PAI-1 act levels [27], both fish oil and olive oil were found to increase PAI-1 act levels [76] and extruded dry beans significantly decreased PAI-1 act levels [31].…”

Effects of dietary pulse consumption on body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…Sex of participants at end of study was not provided in the original article. 10 End-measured macronutrient intake in the intervention arm.…”

Effects of pulse consumption in women presenting components of the metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

“…Moreover, it seems that a prudent low fat, high fiber diet, rich in antioxidants from fruits and vegetables, low in salt, which contains fatty fish and moderate amounts of alcohol, and which would balance energy requirements could protect against an increase of the plasma fibrinogen concentration [30]. However, the effect of fiber intake on plasma fibrinogen concentration appears controversial [25] and remains to be tested in further studies.…”

“…Despite the significant increase in soluble fiber intake in our experimental group, no decrease in serum LDL cholesterol concentration was observed. Of the eleven clinical trials included in the meta- analysis of Anderson and Major [15], four were performed under free-living conditions [24][25][26][27] and of these latter, only one shows a significant decrease in plasma TC concentrations. It is important to underline that the amount of pulses consumed by male subjects in this clinical trial [24] was much higher than in our study (450 g of baked beans daily estimated to 4,260 ml weekly during a 2-week period).…”