Eye disorders other than diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes

Feldman–Billard, S.; Dupas, B.

doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101279

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Some considered possibilities include a myopic shift due to a change in the refractive index of the crystalline lens; however, such a condition can only explain transient refraction shifts. 37 Here, we speculate at a theoretical level that the myopic shift is influenced by the choroidal blood perfusion. Jo et al 38 demonstrated that choroid thickness is significantly increased after intensive diabetes control (from 226 ± 56 μm to 215 ± 52 μm; P < 0.05), indicating that HbA1c level negatively correlates with choroidal thickness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Causal Relationships Between Glycemic Traits and Myopia

Zhu

Shao

et al. 2023

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose Little is known about whether sugar intake is a risk factor for myopia, and the influence of glycemic control remains unclear, with inconsistent results reported. This study aimed to clarify this uncertainty by evaluating the link between multiple glycemic traits and myopia. Methods We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design using summary statistics from independent genome-wide association studies. A total of six glycemic traits, including adiponectin, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and proinsulin levels, were used as exposures, and myopia was used as the outcome. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method was the main applied analytic tool and was complemented with comprehensive sensitivity analyses. Results Out of the six glycemic traits studied, we found that adiponectin was significantly associated with myopia. The genetically predicted level of adiponectin was consistently negatively associated with myopia incidence: IVW (odds ratio [OR] = 0.990; P = 2.66 × 10 −3 ), MR Egger (OR = 0.983; P = 3.47 × 10 −3 ), weighted median method (OR = 0.989; P = 0.01), and weighted mode method (OR = 0.987; P = 0.01). Evidence from all sensitivity analyses further supported these associations. In addition, a higher HbA1c level was associated with a greater risk of myopia: IVW (OR = 1.022; P = 3.06 × 10 −5 ). Conclusions Genetic evidence shows that low adiponectin levels and high HbA1c are associated with an increased risk of myopia. Given that physical activity and sugar intake are controllable variables in blood glycemia treatment, these findings provide new insights into potential strategies to delay myopia onset.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Causal Relationships Between Glycemic Traits and Myopia

Zhu

Shao

et al. 2023

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Type 2 diabetes is associated with a two‐ to fivefold higher prevalence of cataracts regardless of other traditional risk factors (Drinkwater et al, 2019). The risk of cataract increases with the duration of diabetes and the severity of hyperglycaemia, while tight glycemic control slows cataract progression (Feldman‐Billard & Dupas, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High glucose promotes osteogenic differentiation of human lens epithelial cells through hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) activation

Ababneh,

Balogh,

Csiki

et al. 2024

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Cataract, a leading cause of blindness, is characterised by lens opacification. Type 2 diabetes is associated with a two‐ to fivefold higher prevalence of cataracts. The risk of cataract formation increases with the duration of diabetes and the severity of hyperglycaemia. Hydroxyapatite deposition is present in cataractous lenses that could be the consequence of osteogenic differentiation and calcification of lens epithelial cells (LECs). We hypothesised that hyperglycaemia might promote the osteogenic differentiation of human LECs (HuLECs). Osteogenic medium (OM) containing excess phosphate and calcium with normal (1 g/L) or high (4.5 g/L) glucose was used to induce HuLEC calcification. High glucose accelerated and intensified OM‐induced calcification of HuLECs, which was accompanied by hyperglycaemia‐induced upregulation of the osteogenic markers Runx2, Sox9, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, as well as nuclear translocation of Runx2. High glucose‐induced calcification was abolished in Runx2‐deficient HuLECs. Additionally, high glucose stabilised the regulatory alpha subunits of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1), triggered nuclear translocation of HIF‐1α and increased the expression of HIF‐1 target genes. Gene silencing of HIF‐1α or HIF‐2α attenuated hyperglycaemia‐induced calcification of HuLECs, while hypoxia mimetics (desferrioxamine, CoCl2) enhanced calcification of HuLECs under normal glucose conditions. Overall, this study suggests that high glucose promotes HuLEC calcification via Runx2 and the activation of the HIF‐1 signalling pathway. These findings may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic cataracts, shedding light on potential factors for intervention to treat this sight‐threatening condition.

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“…[1,2] Eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, and glaucoma, are becoming more common. [3][4][5][6] Changes in cell and tissue morphology are hallmarks of many ocular diseases, most of which are associated with ocular vascular lesions. The primary clinical option for diagnosing eye diseases is optical coherence tomography (OCT), [7][8][9] with the main advantage of revealing information about tissue depth and preserving the natural state of the eye.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Resolution Imaging of the Ocular Vasculature of Conjunctivitis in Mice Using Highly Bright Polymer Dots

Zhang

et al. 2022

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Ocular diseases are mainly caused by vascular aberrations in the eye, and accurate imaging and analysis of the ocular vascular structure is crucial. In this study, poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (PFBT) polymer dots (Pdots), with the advantages of easy synthesis, high brightness, and low toxicity, are used as nanoprobes to perform high-resolution imaging of the vasculature of the eyeball and optic nerve. Moreover, rapid imaging of the choroidal microvessels is carried out by stereoscopic fluorescence microscopy with a resolution of up to 1.6 μm. The comprehensive 3D vascular information of retinal aorta and optic nerve microvessels is obtained by combining tissue clearing and multiphoton microscopy. In addition, the vascular density of Schlemm's canal and iris blood vessels is compared between the conjunctivitis mice and the normal mice. These results suggest that PFBT Pdots have great application potential in the fast and accurate imaging of ocular diseases.

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Eye disorders other than diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes

Cited by 28 publications

References 55 publications

Causal Relationships Between Glycemic Traits and Myopia

Causal Relationships Between Glycemic Traits and Myopia

High glucose promotes osteogenic differentiation of human lens epithelial cells through hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) activation

High‐Resolution Imaging of the Ocular Vasculature of Conjunctivitis in Mice Using Highly Bright Polymer Dots

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