Eye Movements in Psychiatry

Smyrnis, Nikolaos; Amado, Isabelle; Krebs, Marie‐Odile; Sweeney, John A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20085-5_16

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 169 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Their only difference was in the variability of error prosaccade latencies, which were found increased only for the schizophrenia patients. This evidence indicates that saccadic eye movement abnormalities as measured with different variables are not restricted to patients with schizophrenia (Morita et al, 2019 ; Smyrnis et al, 2019 ) but are also observed in patients with other psychotic disorders and other psychiatric conditions such as OCD.…”

Section: Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Studies involving memory-guided saccades have shown impairment in accuracy of remembered spatial locations (Reilly et al, 2006 , 2007 ). Finally, prosaccade latencies have been found to be reduced in antipsychotic-naïve FEP patients in some studies (Reilly et al, 2005 , 2006 , 2007 ; Hill et al, 2008 ; Krebs et al, 2010 ), while unimpaired in others (Harris et al, 2009 ; see Smyrnis et al, 2019 , for a review).…”

Section: Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The usage of such deficits as diagnostic biomarkers has been repeatedly proposed (Lencer et al, 2015 ). However, two very important problems preclude the use of these indices as diagnostic biomarkers (Smyrnis et al, 2019 ). Firstly, the deficits in patients in such tasks are found on a group level and hardly ever hold for all members of the group, leading to sub-optimal diagnostic sensitivity.…”

Section: Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was shown that they produced more inhibition errors when compared with healthy controls, an increase which was more prominent in the individuals who also presented psychotic symptoms. The aforementioned studies have built a strong argument about increased antisaccade error rate being a trait of psychotic state, in and out of the context of schizophrenia (Gooding and Basso, 2008 ; Smyrnis et al, 2019 ). The genetic overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, but also between these and depression (Lee et al, 2019 ) may be involved in lowering the diagnostic specificity of the above oculomotor biomarkers.…”

Section: Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expectation behind the use of oculomotor tasks is to associate specific patterns of performance abnormalities with particular clinical syndromes in order to provide tools for the diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of the response to treatment (Smyrnis, 2008 ). This research then aspires to come up with reliable oculomotor biomarkers for psychiatric disorders to be used in clinical practice (Smyrnis et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Towards Clinically Relevant Oculomotor Biomarkers in Early Schizophrenia

Athanasopoulos

Saprikis

Margeli

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, psychiatric research has focused on the evaluation and implementation of biomarkers in the clinical praxis. Oculomotor function deviances are among the most consistent and replicable cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and have been suggested as viable candidates for biomarkers. In this narrative review, we focus on oculomotor function in first-episode psychosis, recent onset schizophrenia as well as individuals at high risk for developing psychosis. We critically discuss the evidence for the possible utilization of oculomotor function measures as diagnostic, susceptibility, predictive, monitoring, and prognostic biomarkers for these conditions. Based on the current state of research we conclude that there are not sufficient data to unequivocally support the use of oculomotor function measures as biomarkers in schizophrenia.

show abstract

Section: Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Towards Clinically Relevant Oculomotor Biomarkers in Early Schizophrenia

Athanasopoulos

Saprikis

Margeli

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Evidence towards a continuum of impairment across neurodevelopmental disorders from basic ocular-motor tasks

Canu

Ioannou

Müller

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Findings of genetic overlap between Schizophrenia, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) contributed to a renewed conceptualization of these disorders as laying on a continuum based on aetiological, pathophysiological and neurodevelopmental features. Given that cognitive impairments are core to their pathophysiology, we compared patients with schizophrenia, ADHD, ASD, and controls on ocular-motor and manual-motor tasks, challenging crucial cognitive processes. Group comparisons revealed inhibition deficits common to all disorders, increased intra-subject variability in schizophrenia and, to a lesser extent, ADHD as well as slowed processing in schizophrenia. Patterns of deviancies from controls exhibited strong correlations, along with differences that posited schizophrenia as the most impaired group, followed by ASD and ADHD. While vector correlations point towards a common neurodevelopmental continuum of impairment, vector levels suggest differences in the severity of such impairment. These findings argue towards a dimensional approach to Neurodevelopmental Disorders’ pathophysiological mechanisms.

show abstract

First‐Dose Methylphenidate‐Induced Changes in the Anti‐Saccade Task Performance and Outcome in Adults with Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Duval

Erb

Mokrani

et al. 2021

PRCP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined whether the anti-saccade task (AST) performance after the first methylphenidate (MPH) dose could be associated with subsequent clinical outcome in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods: Ninety-seven drug-naive DSM-5 ADHD adults participated in this study. The AST parameters were measured at baseline, after the first MPH-dose (10 mg orally), and 6 months after chronic MPH treatment. Results were compared with those of 50 healthy control (HC) subjects.Results: At baseline, ADHDs showed longer saccadic reaction times and more direction errors than HCs (both p < 0.00001). Acute and chronic MPH administration resulted in normalization of the AST performances. Multivariate regression analysis after adjusting for age, sex, weight, and severity of symptoms at baseline, revealed that a low percentage of direction errors after the first MPHdose (i.e., ≤10%) could predict remission at month 6 (OR: 5.84; 95% CI: 2.00-17.11; p = 0.001). Conclusions:Our findings indicate that: (1) impairments of motor planning and response inhibition in adults with ADHD are improved with MPH, and (2) a low direction error percentage after the first MPH-dose may be an independent predictor of remission. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03411434

show abstract

Eye Movements in Psychiatry

Cited by 7 publications

References 169 publications

Towards Clinically Relevant Oculomotor Biomarkers in Early Schizophrenia

Towards Clinically Relevant Oculomotor Biomarkers in Early Schizophrenia

Evidence towards a continuum of impairment across neurodevelopmental disorders from basic ocular-motor tasks

First‐Dose Methylphenidate‐Induced Changes in the Anti‐Saccade Task Performance and Outcome in Adults with Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About