Fabrication and characterization of 3D printed BaTiO₃/PVDF nanocomposites

Abstract

This paper presents a fabrication process to enhance homogeneous dispersion of BaTiO 3 nanoparticles in polyvinylidene fluoride matrix nanocomposites using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technique. The nanocomposites integrate the functional property (piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and dielectric) of BaTiO 3 with the flexibility and lightweight of polyvinylidene fluoride. Traditionally, the simple yet effective way to fabricate the nanocomposites includes solventcasting, spin-coating, and hot-embossing. However, these methods have disadvantages such as heterogeneous dispersion of BaTiO 3 nanoparticles in polyvinylidene fluoride matrix due to the higher density of BaTiO 3 compared with polyvinylidene fluoride and agglomeration during fabrication process. This heterogeneous dispersion could weaken functional and mechanical properties. Herein, fused deposition modeling 3D printing technique was utilized for homogeneous dispersion to alleviate the agglomeration of BaTiO 3 in polyvinylidene fluoride through two processes: filament extrusion and 3D printing. In addition, thermal poling was applied to further enhance piezoelectric response of the BaTiO 3 / polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposites. It is found that 3D printed BaTiO 3 /polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposites exhibit three times higher piezoelectric response than solvent-casted nanocomposites.

Increased piezoelectric response in functional nanocomposites through multiwall carbon nanotube interface and fused-deposition modeling three-dimensional printing

“…[6,7] However, it has an intrinsic low direct piezoelectric coupling coefficient, which is a drawback with regard to the piezoelectric effect and sensor applications. [7][8][9] Therefore, graphitic carbon such as graphene oxide or multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been utilized to enhance both electric and stress transfer to the ceramic particles and uniform dispersion. [10][11][12] In order to better enhance stress reinforcing, it is studied that a 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate (TMSPM) linker molecular is covalently grafted on the BT particle surface.…”

“…Nonetheless, these methods entail complicated and time-consuming processes, quality issues, etc. [8] Recently, additive manufacturing technology has been introduced to printing piezoelectric three-dimensional (3D) structures. [7,8,13] It is reported that the fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing process significantly improves homogeneous dispersion of BT nanoparticles in the PVDF matrix, enhancing piezoelectric properties.…”

Experimental Analysis of Electrical Conductivity of the 3D Printed Graphene

“…These composite material filled in the syringe extruding with the help of pressure unit to deliver the 3D shape of the material (Fig 1).various types of needles are taken place based on the volume of the required output model which can have the free movement in all three dimensional directions. The extruder deliver the material layer by layer based on the given CAD model [23] .…”

Fabrication of bulk piezoelectric and dielectric BaTiO3 ceramics using paste extrusion 3D printing technique

“…Recently, many research efforts have been made to combine functional devices such as piezoelectric sensor and energy storage with additive manufacturing (AM) due to its great potential for use in commercial applications . Selective laser sintering and binder jetting techniques, which are using a laser beam to fuse materials selectively and coating ceramic powders onto the printing bed, respectively, have been studied for printing BaFe 12 O 19 , PZT, and BaTiO 3 bulk ceramic materials .…”