Fabrication and characterization of hybrid films based on polyaniline and graphitic carbon nitride nanosheet

Abstract

Hybrid films of polyaniline/graphitic carbon nitride (PANI/g‐C3N4) deposited on titanium was fabricated. First, g‐C3N4 as a two‐dimensional graphite‐like structure was synthesized by the stepwise condensation reaction of melamine and cyanuric chloride in the presence of N,N‐dimethylmethanamide as a high boiling point nonnucleophilic base. Then composite films of PANI/g‐C3N4 were prepared by in situ electrochemical polymerization of an aniline solution containing g‐C3N4. Different concentrations of g‐C3N4 were utilized to improve the electrochemical performances of the hybrids. The resulting PANI/g‐C3N4 composite films were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy techniques. The electrochemical performance of the composites was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Application of the prepared samples has been evaluated as supercapacitor material in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution using CV technique. The specific capacitances of PANI/g‐C3N4 composite films were higher than obtained for pure PANI films. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44059.

Design and synthesis of a new porous organic polymer equipped with N‐propyl sulfamic acid functionalities: As an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthene derivatives

“…As a part of our continuing endeavor in the way of developing simple and clean methodologies via employing heterogeneous catalysis and their applications in multi-component reactions [17,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49], herein we reported the development of a new acidic catalyst by adding sulfamic acid functionalities to the previously functionalized polymeric network based on calix [4]resorcinarene and explore its applicability in a multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives.…”

“…In recent years, porous organic polymers (POP)s [1][2][3], as a rapidly expanding class of materials, have been attracting a great deal of attention by combining porous properties with organic functionalization features. In this way, mesoporous organic polymers (mesoPOP)s [4,5], have been known incredibly owing to their structural motifs which provide appropriate positions for immobilizing homogeneous catalysts and therefore making them heterogenized. In fact, these highly cross-linked amorphous polymers porosity reinforces the catalytic activity of these materials by increasing the number of available catalytic sites, adsorbing reactant molecules, promoting their concentration, and thereby increasing the reaction rates.…”

“…The ability of these systems for being incorporated to various substrates like neutral molecules, cations, and also linking agents make them known as appropriate candidates in heterogeneous catalysis [11][12][13]. In this regard, special attention has been given to the cross-linked polymers based on calix [4]resorcinarene by this research group [13][14][15][16][17][18] as a proper porous material capable of undergoing the post-functionalization process. This nanoporous polymeric structure consisting of calix [4]resorcinarene monomeric units provides a proper bed for the reaction precession.…”

“…In this regard, special attention has been given to the cross-linked polymers based on calix [4]resorcinarene by this research group [13][14][15][16][17][18] as a proper porous material capable of undergoing the post-functionalization process. This nanoporous polymeric structure consisting of calix [4]resorcinarene monomeric units provides a proper bed for the reaction precession. Cupped hydrophobic cavities surrounded by hydrophilic groups in calixarene molecules are considered as typical nanoreactors especially when they are polymerized by creating mesoporous polymeric networks through immobilizing calix [4]resorcinarene units with a variable size of cavities.…”

“…This nanoporous polymeric structure consisting of calix [4]resorcinarene monomeric units provides a proper bed for the reaction precession. Cupped hydrophobic cavities surrounded by hydrophilic groups in calixarene molecules are considered as typical nanoreactors especially when they are polymerized by creating mesoporous polymeric networks through immobilizing calix [4]resorcinarene units with a variable size of cavities. Unique structural and physical properties of these nanoporous polymeric structures on the basis of calix [4]resorcinarene [19,20] make them as extremely potential candidates in heterogeneous catalysis.…”