Fabrication and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polymer blend membranes

Choi, Jae Hyun; Jegal, Jonggeon; Kim, Woo Nyon

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2006.08.013

Cited by 548 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Polysulfone is the most widely used polymer for RO support membranes 5,34 . Additives such as poly(ethylene glycol) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) have 11 been made to PSf support membrane casting solutions to increase porosity of the support membrane skin layer, and thus, the composite membrane permeability [35][36][37] .…”

Section: Thin Film Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of water treatment membrane nanotechnologies

Pendergast

Hoek

2011

Energy Environ. Sci.

1,850

917

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We thank the reviewers for their insightful comments and we have revised the above referenced manuscript in response. In addition, we addressed each reviewer comment in an itemized fashion in the attached "Response to Reviewer Comments."We have uploaded high resolution (600 dpi minimum) TIF files for each image in the article. We have kept the images in color for the online version, but please convert these to grey-scale for the print version. We have ensured that no information is lost from the figure upon conversion.We feel we have adequately addressed all reviewer comments and hope that you will accept our review paper for publication in Energy & Environmental Science without further revision. Figure 6. Percolation Threshold was removed because it also seemed to provide superfluous detail. Section 3.2.1. Mixed Matrix MembranesSelections have been deleted due to excessive explanation of mixed matrix theory; the detail of background theory here appeared to be out of proportion with that in other sections. The important points from the deleted paragraphs have, however, been shortened and inserted into the present introduction so that major points are not lost. Also, it was re-emphasized that details about gas separation membranes were included only to show the past application and strength of these materials now being re-engineered for water treatment purposes. Section 3.3.3. Isoporous Block Copolymer MembranesSelections have been deleted, again when out of proportion detail in background explanation was found. Within the particular works cited and described, some specific details have been removed or minimized in order to highlight the most important achievement of each work. Lengthy block copolymer names have also been removed in most cases, in lieu of the type (i.e., tri-block, homopolymer) so that the individual methods described can be seen in a more general system framework. Some of the extensive deleted sections have been shortened/rewritten and inserted in the section so that significant points are not lost, but only the excess detail. DiscussionThe discussion section has been significantly lengthened and clarified. Each technology is summarized to shed light upon the benefits and hurdles of each material that led to its individual ranking in our system. Each score is justified and explained within our metric.Throughout the text, an effort was made to reduce excess detail and highlight the major hurdles achieved by each researcher cited. Primary accomplishments and future needs for each material were further emphasized throughout the body of this paper.Specific responses to the referees follows. RESPONSES TO REVIEWER COMMENTS REFEREE 1Within their extensive review the authors state that in their review "… the published literature describing … membrane technologies (i.e. nanotechnologies) is critically reviewed and discussed within the context of conventional membrane materials used in the relevant water treatment applications" and "a ranking system was developed …" (all citations from the Abstract) Yet...

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Section: Thin Film Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Choi et al cast multi-walled CNT/PSf mixed matrix membranes by nonsolvent induced phase inversion 34 . Nanotubes are pretreated with acid to aid in dispersion throughout the solvent.…”

Section: Mixed Matrix Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of water treatment membrane nanotechnologies

Pendergast

Hoek

2011

Energy Environ. Sci.

1,850

917

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“…They concluded that rejections increased significantly; however, fluxes go down, which is a general trend for all nanoparticle-enhanced membranes [21]. Choi et al [171] found a higher flux when incorporating MWCNTs, but the pore size depended on the concentration of nanotubes. The pore size of the blend membranes increased with the concentration of MWCNTs up to 1.5% and then decreased until it became even smaller than PSf membrane (at 4%).…”

Section: Water Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Separation Power of Nanotubes in Membranes: A Review

Bruggen

2012

ISRN Nanotechnology

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Research on mixed matrix membranes in which nanoparticles are used to enhance the membrane's performance in terms of flux, separation, and fouling resistance has boomed in the last years. This review probes on the specific features and benefits of one specific type of nanoparticles with a well-defined cylindrical structure, known as nanotubes. Nanotube structures for potential use in membranes are reviewed. These comprise mainly single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), but also other structures and materials, which are less studied for membrane applications, can be used. Important issues related to polymer-nanotube interactions such as dispersion and alignment are outlined, and a categorization is made of the resultant membranes. Applications are reviewed in four different areas, that is, gas separation, water filtration, drug delivery, and fuel cells.

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“…The MMM synthesis implicate MWNTs (>5% by weight volume) which embedded into polysulfone. The experiment intended to measure water flux and salt rejection under an operating pressure 1-4 bar (Choia, et al, 2006). The result shows two contrary data for water flux and salt rejection according to the molecular weight of the solute.…”

Section: Inorganic-organic Membranes a Mixed Matrix Membranes (Mmm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Nanotechnology Application for Seawater Desalination Process. SOIJST Vol. 1 (1):155-179

Jordan¹

2018

Preprint

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As freshwater resource decreasing rapidly due to high rate of human population growth, many researchers have done studies to develop methods for producing freshwater supply. Seawater desalination is one of the method that has the credibility to be implemented. However, conventional seawater desalination processes suffer from a number of problems related to energy efficiency and cost. In spite of this, nanotechnology has been applied to the process. In this paper, we give an overview and explanations concerning the roles of nanotechnology in seawater desalination processes which consist of pretreatment, reverse osmosis (RO), and disinfection. In addition, the comparisons between conventional and nanotechnology-applied processes as related to its efficiency and effectiveness are also provided.

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Fabrication and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polymer blend membranes

Cited by 548 publications

References 29 publications

A review of water treatment membrane nanotechnologies

A review of water treatment membrane nanotechnologies

The Separation Power of Nanotubes in Membranes: A Review

A Review of Nanotechnology Application for Seawater Desalination Process. SOIJST Vol. 1 (1):155-179

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