Fabrication and Characterization of Sputtered-Carbon Microelectrode Arrays

Sreenivas, G.; Ang, Simon S.; Fritsch, Ingrid; Brown, W.D.; Gerhardt, Greg A.; Woodward, Donald J.

doi:10.1021/ac9508816

Cited by 89 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For example, they demonstrate steady state currents, higher sensitivity caused by the increased mass transport and application to highly resistant solutions. Additionally, UMEs have been applied as sensors in various techniques such as flow injection analysis [12,13], cardiovascular monitoring and organic compounds analysis [14][15][16]. For this work, we used the highly developed version of a classical cyclic voltammetric technique combined with fast Fourier transformation method (the computer program is more advanced in the algorithm for integration and filtering).…”

Section: Scheme 1 Chemical Structure Of Capmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Fourier transformation with continuous cyclic voltammetry at an Au microelectrode for the determination of morphine in a flow injection system

Norouzi

Ganjali

Moosavi-Movahedi

et al. 2007

Talanta

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Fast Fourier transformation with continuous cyclic voltammetry (FFTCV) in a flowing solution was applied as a detection system for the prompt Chloramphenicol (CAP) monitoring. In this method, the potential waveform consisted of two potential sections for cleaning of the electrode surface, accumulating CAP and potential ramp, which was continuously applied on a Pt-Au dual disk microelectrodes. The effects of various parameters on the sensitivity of the method were investigated. When the optimum conditions were imposed, this is a scan rate value of 70 V/s, an accumulation time of 500 ms, an accumulation potential of -300 mV and a pH value of 2. The method proved to be linear over the concentration range of 8.0 ×10 -9 -2.0 ×10 -5 mol/L (r = 0.9981) with a detection limit and a quantitation limit of 2.0 ×10 -9 and 6.6×10 -9 mol/L, respectively. Consequently, the method illustrates the requisite accuracy, sensitivity, precision and selectivity to assay CAP in its biological fluids. The proposed method has some advantages over other reported methods such as, no need for the removal of oxygen from the test solution, a sub-nanomolar detection limit, and finally the method is fast enough for the determination of any such compound, in a wide variety of chromatographic methods. As a result, FFTCV illustrates the benefits of precision, determination speed, cost-effectiveness, accuracy and simplicity, in comparison with formerly reported techniques.

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Section: Scheme 1 Chemical Structure Of Capmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Fourier transformation with continuous cyclic voltammetry at an Au microelectrode for the determination of morphine in a flow injection system

Norouzi

Ganjali

Moosavi-Movahedi

et al. 2007

Talanta

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“…Well-adhering carbon thin-films with good electrochemical properties can either be obtained by high temperature pyrolysis [13][14][15][16] or by sputtering process in a DC or RF deposition mode [17][18][19]. With respect to the electrochemical behavior, the thin-film carbon microelectrodes are comparable to commercial glassy carbon ones [17,18]. For well-established thinfilm deposition procedures, the thin-film resistivities measured by the 4-points probe technique are comparable with the values for bulk materials ( Table 1).…”

Section: Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin-Film Microfabrication of Electrochemical Transducers

Fiaccabrino

Koudelka‐Hep

1998

Electroanalysis

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Thin-film technology provides definite advantages for producing small-dimension electrodes and electrochemical transducers. The aim of this review article is to describe the main technological steps of microfabrication. Three selected examples, derived from research in our laboratory, are used to illustrate basic concepts as well as some nonstandard processes available for the fabrication of thin-film Pt, Au, Ir and C microelectrodes.

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“…4 UMEs have been used as sensors for various applications, such as flowinjection analysis, 5,6 in cardiovascular monitoring 7 and analyzing organic compounds. 8,9 Another problem comes from changes in the characteristics of the electrode surface during a potential scan. If the solid electrode surface is oxidized and reduced during a voltammetric measurement, the electrode signal will have a large background current, which is associated with a high level of noise due to structural changes of the electrode surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective and Non-Selective Determination ofHeavy Metal Ions in Flowing Solutions by Fast Stripping Cyclic Voltammetry

2004

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A simple and fast stripping voltammetric detection method has been designed for selective and non-selective measurements of heavy metal ions in a flow-injection system. A special computer numerical method is introduced for calculating the analyte signal and noise reduction, where the signal is calculated based on the partial and total charge exchange at electrode surface. For a selective determination, the currents are integrated in the range of the oxidation and reduction of the analyte. For non-selective measurements, the integration range is set for the whole potential scan range (including oxidation and reduction of the Au surface). The time for stripping has been shown to be less than 300 ms. The main advantages of the detection method are as follows: first, removal of oxygen from the measured solution is not required; second, it is sufficiently fast for the determination of heavy metal ions in various chromatographic analysis methods. The limit of detection for tested ions was between 3 × 10 -9 and 6 × 10 -10 M, and the relative standard deviation at 50 ppb Pb 2+ was 4.7% for 10 runs.

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Fabrication and Characterization of Sputtered-Carbon Microelectrode Arrays

Cited by 89 publications

References 39 publications

Fast Fourier transformation with continuous cyclic voltammetry at an Au microelectrode for the determination of morphine in a flow injection system

Fast Fourier transformation with continuous cyclic voltammetry at an Au microelectrode for the determination of morphine in a flow injection system

Thin-Film Microfabrication of Electrochemical Transducers

Selective and Non-Selective Determination ofHeavy Metal Ions in Flowing Solutions by Fast Stripping Cyclic Voltammetry

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