Fabrication and in vivo chondrification of a poly(propylene carbonate)/l-lactide-grafted tetracalcium phosphate electrospun scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering

Abstract

Regenerative therapies that utilize stem cell differentiation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds have attracted significant interest in recent years. In this study, fibrous poly(propylene carbonate)/poly(L-lactic acid)-grafted tetracalcium phosphate (PPC/g-TTCP) scaffolds were prepared using an electrospinning method. The characteristics of the fabricated scaffolds were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses, water contact angle measurements and tensile tests. Due to the importance of biocompatibility, rat bone marrow-derived stem cells were cultured on the scaffolds, and the cell proliferation was investigated using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. Subsequently, chondrogenic differentiation was induced in these cells in vitro and in vivo. Fourteen days later, chondrocyte-like cells had developed on the PPC/g-TTCP scaffolds, as evidenced by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen. After subcutaneous transplantation into nude mice, a typical cartilage cell morphology was observed on the scaffolds. These findings suggest that PPC/g-TTCP scaffolds can support cartilage development and are excellent candidate scaffolds for cartilage defect repair.

Thermoplastic polyurethane/polytetrafluoroethylene/bridged dopo derivative composites: Flammability, thermal stability, and mechanical properties

“…Derivatives based on 9, 10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) is an attractive FR. It has been reported that the DOPO‐based FRs are effective for epoxy resins , polyurethane foams , polylactic acid (PLA) , and polyamide 6 . Because the condensed phase formed in the combustion process can prevent heat and mass transfer profited from the addition of phenethyl‐bridged DOPO derivative (DiDOPO) , it can prevent heat and mass transfer profited from the addition of DiDOPO, which plays an important role in radical quenching mechanism .…”

The evolution of morphology, crystallization and static and dynamic mechanical properties of long glass-fibre–reinforced polypropylene composites under thermo-oxidative ageing

“…2,3 In recent years, there has been an increasing growth in the use of long glass-fibre–reinforced thermoplastic composites for semi-structural and engineering applications, caused by the fact that the composites show advantages of being lightweight and cost-effective as well as demonstrate high mechanical strength and excellent rigidity; these attractive advantages make them suitable for applications in automobiles, construction and aviation fields. 4 –9 In addition, as compared to ordinary PP composites, the long glass-fibre–reinforced PP (PP/LGF) composites are more suitable for applications that necessitate high demands.…”

Nanocomposites of Polymeric Biomaterials Containing Carbonate Groups: An Overview

“…The fabricated fibrous mats exhibited a Young's modulus similar to that of human arteries (0.4–0.8 MPa) . Moreover, using the same method, Deng et al prepared PPC/poly l ‐lactic acid‐grafted tetracalcium phosphate (PPC/g‐TTCP) scaffolds that could be used for cartilage defect repair. Fan et al developed a microcavitary hydrogel (MCG) with photopolymerization of biodegradable oligo(TMC)‐PEG‐oligo(TMC) diacrylate macromer, in which cavities with hundreds of microns in diameter were created using gelatin microspherical porogens.…”