Fabrication and mechanical properties of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si2.gif" display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="normal"><mml:mi>Al</mml:mi></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="normal"><mml:mi>O</mml:mi></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mstyle mathvariant="normal"><mml:mi>SiC</mml:mi

Askari, Ehsan; Mehrali, Mehdi; Metselaar, Hendrik Simon Cornelis; Kadri, Nahrizul Adib; Rahman, M.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.02.029

Cited by 66 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Elastic modulus was calculated from the load–displacement unloading curves using the Oliver–Pharr method [29]. The fracture toughness was then calculated from the equation suggested by Anstis [30]: …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and In Vitro Biological Performance of Graphene Nanoplatelets Reinforced Calcium Silicate Composite

Mehrali

Moghaddam²,

Shirazi

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Calcium silicate (CaSiO3, CS) ceramic composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were prepared using hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1150°C. Quantitative microstructural analysis suggests that GNP play a role in grain size and is responsible for the improved densification. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that GNP survived the harsh processing conditions of the selected HIP processing parameters. The uniform distribution of 1 wt.% GNP in the CS matrix, high densification and fine CS grain size help to improve the fracture toughness by ∼130%, hardness by ∼30% and brittleness index by ∼40% as compared to the CS matrix without GNP. The toughening mechanisms, such as crack bridging, pull-out, branching and deflection induced by GNP are observed and discussed. The GNP/CS composites exhibit good apatite-forming ability in the simulated body fluid (SBF). Our results indicate that the addition of GNP decreased pH value in SBF. Effect of addition of GNP on early adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblast cells (hFOB) was measured in vitro. The GNP/CS composites showed good biocompatibility and promoted cell viability and cell proliferation. The results indicated that the cell viability and proliferation are affected by time and concentration of GNP in the CS matrix.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and In Vitro Biological Performance of Graphene Nanoplatelets Reinforced Calcium Silicate Composite

Mehrali

Moghaddam²,

Shirazi

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…FGMs can be prepared by various processes, such as deposition methods, infiltration, and tape and slip casting depending on the application area [1,4], but these processes consist of several steps. However, spark plasma sintering (SPS), a well-known powder metallurgy processing method, offers a promising approach to making FGMs in a single step [5,6], due to its unique heating method [7][8][9][10]; the modification of the spatial distribution of the effective current per unit area results in a temperature gradient within the sample [11]. This creates the possibility of (a) joining different types of materials into a single part [7]; (b) producing a monolithic sample with a dissimilar phase composition [12]; and more importantly with regard to the present paper (c) fabricating sintered bodies with controlled porosity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of graded alumina by spark plasma sintering

Bódis

Károly

2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Functionally graded materials (FGMs) attract considerable interest in materials science and industry, since their composition or morphology gradually changes along their length, width, or height, which provides new approach for the development of multifunctional materials. In this paper, we studied the fabrication of a gradient microstructure in alumina (Al2O3) by spark plasma sintering (SPS). During the SPS process, the applied asymmetric graphite tool configuration causes a large temperature gradient, which results in a gradually changing morphology in Al2O3 ceramics. The local temperatures were quantitatively measured through extra thermocouples during SPS processes with various asymmetric configurations. In the most asymmetric configuration, a maximum vertical temperature difference of 225 °C was detected within the sample treated at a sintering temperature of 1300 °C and a pressure of 25 MPa applied 200 °C·min−1 heating rate. The microstructure investigations demonstrated the morphology gradient in the ceramic: one part of the Al2O3 exhibited fine, nanostructured morphology with large open and permeable pores, whereas the other part was solid without pores. Our investigations show that a gradient Al2O3 ceramic can be produced with a single-step SPS process, which offers new directions in FGMs research. With an asymmetric sintering configuration and the sintering conditions, the structure of the ceramic, such as porosity, can be designed according to the requirements of the application area.

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“…Optimization of processing parameters (such as distance between gun and substrate, feed-rate, carrier gas composition) can differ between the two components of the FGM structure [41,[106][107][108] Laser deposition High accuracy due to laser control Selectively deposited material reduce the post-process machining/finishing Uneconomical for bulk FGM Only produce discrete structures Relatively high residual stresses requires post heat treatment [109][110][111][112][113][114] Vapour deposition processes Layers can be in nano/micro range Graded structure easy to control simply by varying the composition of the gas phase Attention must be paid to subsequent heat treatments to avoid inter diffusion between the substrate and the graded film [115,116] Infiltration Layers produced can be very thin Structure has a good mechanical strength Suitable method for FGMs containing phases of very different melting points Difficult to control process Graded preform should have sufficient porosity for the liquid metal to penetrate and get solidified [117][118][119][120] The properties of FGMs containing orientation gradient change as a result of a change in particles orientation, not due to a phase ratio or size change. There are different methods that can be used to achieve orientation gradient in FGMs.…”

Section: According To Fgm Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…"Thin FGMs" are manufactured by different methods like physical vapor deposition (PVD) [109], chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [130,131], thermal spray deposition [132] and self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) techniques like laser cladding ( Fig. 8) [133][134][135], while "Bulk FGMs" are manufactured by powder metallurgy [136,137], centrifugal casting [138,139], solid freeform techniques [140], gravity settling.…”

Section: According To the Fgm Scale And Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionally graded materials classifications and development trends from industrial point of view

2019

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Over the last few years, many classifications have been proposed for functionally graded materials (FGMs). In this Paper, critical review of different available classifications for FGM based on their physical, structural and manufacturing characteristics are presented. Advantages and limitations of each fabrication method for use in a given application is correspondingly considered. In addition, new classifications based on gradation control and accuracy, residual stresses, specific energy consumption, environmental impact evaluated throughout the complete life cycle and manufacturing costs are proposed. These classifications mainly reflect the needs of both FGM designers and industrial manufacturers. Based upon the presented classifications and the recent advances in analysis and production techniques, new major directions for FGMs research are proposed.

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Fabrication and mechanical properties of Al2O3/SiC

Cited by 66 publications

References 34 publications

Mechanical and In Vitro Biological Performance of Graphene Nanoplatelets Reinforced Calcium Silicate Composite

Mechanical and In Vitro Biological Performance of Graphene Nanoplatelets Reinforced Calcium Silicate Composite

Fabrication of graded alumina by spark plasma sintering

Functionally graded materials classifications and development trends from industrial point of view

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