Fabrication of adhesive coated swabs for improved swipe-based particle collection efficiency

Staymates, Jessica L.; Grandner, Jessica M.; Gillen, Greg

doi:10.1039/c1ay05299c

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Wipes were reused 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 times by swiping over each surface in a single direction with a distance of 10 cm and an average force of 7 N. Wipes were then carefully removed from the swiping mount. Particle collection efficiencies (PCE) were later measured by counting 39 μm diameter fluorescent polymer microspheres dry deposited on vinyl surfaces before swipe sampling and comparing that to the number of the particles collected on the wipe after swipe sampling, as discussed in detail in other work [ 16 , 22 ]. Briefly, PCE was calculated by dividing the number of particles collected on the wipe by the number of particles that were originally on the vinyl surface, and multiplying that number by 100 to calculate a percent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of reusing wipes for particle collection

Staymates

Lawrence

2015

Int. J. Ion Mobil. Spec.

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Sample collection for Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) analysis is typically completed by swiping a collection wipe over a suspect surface to collect trace residues. The work presented here addresses the need for a method to measure the collection efficiency performance of surface wipe materials as a function of the number of times a wipe is used to interrogate a surface. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of wipe reuse, i.e., the number of times a wipe is swiped across a surface, on the overall particle collection and IMS response. Two types of collection wipes (Teflon coated fiberglass and Nomex) were examined by swiping multiple times, ranging from 0 to 1000, over representative surfaces that are common to security screening environments. Particle collection efficiencies were determined by fluorescence microscopy and particle counting techniques, and were shown to improve dramatically with increased number of swiping cycles. Ion mobility spectrometry was used to evaluate the chemical response of known masses of explosives (deposited after reusing wipes) as a function of the wipe reuse number. Results show that chemical response can be negatively affected, and greatly depends upon the conditions of the surface in which the wipe is interrogating. For most parameters tested, the PCE increased after the wipe was reused several times. Swiping a dusty cardboard surface multiple times also caused an increase in particle collection efficiency but a decrease in IMS response. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed significant surface degradation of the wipes on dusty cardboard at the micrometer spatial scale level for Teflon coated wipes. Additionally, several samples were evaluated by including a seven second thermal desorption cycle at 235°C into each swipe sampling interval in order to represent the IMS heating cycle. Results were similar to studies conducted without this heating cycle, suggesting that the primary mechanism for wipe deterioration is mechanical rather than thermal.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of reusing wipes for particle collection

Staymates

Lawrence

2015

Int. J. Ion Mobil. Spec.

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“…5,6 Although IMS has been heavily studied in both academic and industrial circles, it is limited by the collection of particles onto the swabs or particle traps. 7 That is, trace residues of explosives or other contraband materials cannot be detected accurately without a reliable system to first remove the particles from the surface of interest, rendering particle collection the critical step in the detection process. Unfortunately, existing commercial swabs used for trace explosive detection [e.g., muslin cloth and poly(tetrafluoro ethylene)-coated (PTFE-coated) fiberglass] have been shown to provide vastly different particle collection efficiencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fast response time and high sensitivity of the IMS causes this method to be efficient for the detection of trace explosive residues . Although IMS has been heavily studied in both academic and industrial circles, it is limited by the collection of particles onto the swabs or particle traps . That is, trace residues of explosives or other contraband materials cannot be detected accurately without a reliable system to first remove the particles from the surface of interest, rendering particle collection the critical step in the detection process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of free‐standing microstructured conducting polymer films for enhanced particle removal from non‐uniform surfaces

Laster

Deom

Beaudoin

et al. 2016

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Efficient removal of particles from topologically‐complex surfaces is of significant import for a range of applications (e.g., explosive residue removal in security arenas). Here, we synthesize next‐generation polymeric particle removal swabs with tuned structural features to elucidate the influence of the polymer microstructure on the removal of trace particles from surfaces. Specifically, microstructured free‐standing films of the conducting polymer polypyrrole (PPy) were synthesized through template‐assisted electropolymerization techniques. The removal of polystyrene microspheres from representative aluminum surfaces of varying roughness was evaluated as a function of the PPy microstructure. PPy‐based microstructured swabs displayed increased particle trapping properties relative to non‐textured PPy‐based swabs and current commercial swabs. This increased effectiveness occurred from the more intimate particle‐swab contact, leading to increased van der Waals interactions for the microstructured swabs. Therefore, this effort provides critical design rules for the production of microstructured conducting polymer materials for their application toward advanced particle removal technologies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 1968–1974

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“…37 Their study targeted the harvesting of explosives residues as opposed to the contrabands studied here. Staymates’ recommended silicone coating was one of the polymer coatings investigated along with a sol–gel polymer that was described previously.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Mass Detection Using a Carbon Nanotube Bilayer Modified Quartz Crystal Microbalance as a GC Detector

Benz

Patel

2015

Anal. Chem.

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A small, portable gas chromatograph (GC) was assembled for the trace detection of controlled substances using a novel quartz crystal microbalance sensor (QCM). The QCM crystal surface was modified with a variety of sorption materials to increase adsorption thereby amplifying mass detection. Single polymer thin film coatings increased the QCM response by 1–2 orders of magnitude, while operating at over 100 °C. Adding a layer of carbonaceous nanomaterial (graphene or carbon nanotubes) above such a film dramatically increased sensitivity by up to 3 orders of magnitude compared to uncoated crystals. Separation and detection of submicrogram quantities of controlled substances was carried out within minutes by employing a GC column and detector temperature ramp up to 220 °C. An additional 10-fold enhancement in sensitivity was achieved by mechanical abrasion of the sample swabs used in the sample introduction process. This study demonstrated a novel use of a polymer composite modified QCM as a chemical sensor at high temperatures.

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Fabrication of adhesive coated swabs for improved swipe-based particle collection efficiency

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

The effect of reusing wipes for particle collection

The effect of reusing wipes for particle collection

Design of free‐standing microstructured conducting polymer films for enhanced particle removal from non‐uniform surfaces

High Temperature Mass Detection Using a Carbon Nanotube Bilayer Modified Quartz Crystal Microbalance as a GC Detector

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