Fabrication of chitosan–alginate nanospheres for controlled release of cartap hydrochloride

Abstract

Insecticide cartap hydrochloride (C) was fabricated as nanospheres by a two-step method of ionic gelification and polyelectrolyte complexation of alginate (ALG) and chitosan (CS) to undermine its adverse effects on environment. Nanospheres were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra and x-ray diffraction. The size of cartap hydrochloride entrapped chitosan alginate nanospheres (C-CS-ALG nps) was in range of 107.58–173.07 nm. Cartap hydrochloride nanospheres showed encapsulation efficiency of 76.19% and were stable for 30 d at ambient temperature. Release of cartap from nanospheres fitted best with first order linear kinetics followed by Hixson and Higuchi model suggesting super case II transport release. With the application of such control release nanoformulations, it is possible to reduce the frequency of field application of insecticide due to its slow release to the target organism, which is economical as well as environmentally safe.

An Ecological Approach to Control Pathogens of Lycopersicon esculentum L. by Slow Release of Mancozeb from Biopolymeric Conjugated Nanoparticles

“…Minimum and maximum EEs recorded were 15.95 ± 0.25 and 57.13 ± 0.29 for the formulations CSGA-0.5 and CSGA-1.5, respectively, with LC of 76.25 ± 0.26%, which might be due to excess mancozeb in the CSGA-1.5 sample [ 35 ]. Maximum LC (81.10 ± 0.18) was found for NPs containing 1.0 mg/mL mancozeb sample with optimum fungicide available for loading; results of the present study followed an earlier study [ 23 , 36 ].…”

Applications of Chitosan-Alginate-Based Nanoparticles—An Up-to-Date Review

“…Another interesting use of CANPs in agriculture is represented by the encapsulation of insecticides to diminish their adverse effect on the environment. In particular, Kaur et al [145] have employed ionic gelation and polyelectrolyte complexation techniques to load cartap hydrochloride into chitosan-alginate nanospheres of ~100-170 nm size range. With an encapsulation efficiency higher than 75% and stability maintained for 30 days at ambient temperature, the developed nanosystem is considered promising for reducing field application frequency.…”

Lipid and Polymeric Nanocapsules

“…In Ref. [14], nanospheres with alginate and chitosan loaded with the insecticide captan hydrochloride are obtained. Cellulose can be extracted from different natural sources.…”