“…Martinson reported that the surface morphologies of ZnO are more amenable in comparison to TiO 2 which increases the dye loading capacity and decreasing the recombination effect inside the DSSC. Many ZnO nanostructures have been fabricated, including nanowires, nanoparticles, nanocombs, nanoflowers, nanobelts, nanoflakes, nanoclusters, nanotubes, porous nano-sheets, nano-colloids, and nano-powders [113][114][115][116][117][118]. The results of the DSSCs were made by the ZnO nanotubes, nanowires and other 1D to 2D nanostructured photoanodes indicated that the special morphology can provide a unique advantage for electron transport.…”