“…Figure 2 a shows the characteristic peaks of MO at Raman shifts of ~1111, 1146, 1192, 1374, and 1590 cm −1 , corresponding to the C-C bending, C-S stretching, N-N in-plane bending, C-C stretching, and C-C in-plane bending modes, respectively [ 27 – 29 ]. Figure 2 b shows the characteristic peaks of MB at Raman shifts of ~449 and ~502 cm −1 of the C-N-C skeletal bending mode, ~1181 cm −1 of the C-N stretching mode, ~1400 cm −1 due to the deformation of CH3, and ~1624 cm −1 due to the stretching vibration of the ring, respectively [ 30 – 32 ]. Figure 2 c shows the characteristic peaks of CV at Raman shifts of ~420, 523, 803, 910, 1174, 1383, and 1581 cm −1 , corresponding to the phenyl-C-phenyl out-of-plane bending, C-N-C bending, phenyl-H out-of-plane bending, phenyl ring breathing, C-H in-plane ring deformation, C-N stretching, and phenyl ring stretching vibration, respectively [ 33 – 36 ].…”