Fabrication of three-focal diffractive lenses by two-photon polymerization technique

Abstract

Fabrication of submicron-height relief of threefocal diffractive lenses using two-photon polymerization is studied. Optical properties of the designed lenses are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The proposed design of the combined diffractive-refractive lenses is promising for the realization of three-focal optical ophthalmological implants with predetermined light intensity distribution between the foci. The realized three-focal optical element has a diameter size of 2.7 mm with the focal distances in the range of 27-34 mm.

Methods for creation of diffractive intraocular lenses

“…IPSI RAS and Laser Center of Hannover have investigated the two photon polymerization technology for processing microdevices such as IOLs [56][57][58]. The element is three-focal, their diameter equals 2.7 mm, focal lengths is between 27 and 34 mm.…”

Application of nanoimprinting technique for fabrication of trifocal diffractive lens with sine-like radial profile

“…18 The energy distribution between the orders is determined by the particular form of this function. Thus, the complex amplitude of the beam transmitted through the multifocal lens can be represented as the following superposition of spherical beams: 5,17 WðρÞ ¼ ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi ffi…”

“…Such chromatic aberration is typical for diffractive lenses including available IOLs with diffractive microrelief. 5,17,19,20 It was shown that despite relatively high chromatic aberrations, multifocal diffractive structures are widely used in commercially available refractive-diffractive IOLs, e.g., in lenses ReSTOR (Alcon Laboratories, Inc.) and Tecnis (Abbott Medical Optics, Inc.) families. In particular, the IOLs such as Tecnis ZM900 and ReSTOR SN60D3 function well in the human eye because the amount of the chromatic aberration is approximately the same, albeit with opposite sign, as the aberration in the refractive part of the eye (cornea and the refractive part of the IOL).…”

“…Recently, the designs of radial profiles of the trifocal zone plates with binary and sine transformation functions have been proposed and the possibility of the realization of the trifocal 2.7 mm binary diffractive optical elements has been demonstrated. 5 It has been shown that the fabrication of concentric binary rings with heights of about 300 nm using commercially available photoresists is possible by means of the application of a modern laser technique-two-photon polymerization (2PP), which is a unique instrument for the fabrication of arbitrary three-dimensional structures with subwavelength resolution (see, for example, Refs. 6 to 8 and references therein).…”

For the anniversary of professor L.L. Doskolovich

“…Calculation of multi-order DOE is based on nonlinear transformation of the focusator phase function, with the transformation function corresponding to the phase function of a multi-order diffraction grating [12,13]. A special case of this method is the method of calculating multifocal lenses for focusing into a set of points on the optical axis [1,14,15], which later became widely used for calculating multifocal crystalline lenses [16][17][18]. These studies were continued in Doskolovich`s Doctor of Science dissertation, where he has developed a general analytical method for calculating multi-order focusators intended for focusing into a set of similar or differently shaped curves located in various planes perpendicular to the optical axis.…”