Facelift: Current Concepts, Techniques, and Principles

Pourdanesh, Fereydoun; Esmaeelinejad, Mohammad; Jafari, S; Nematollahi, Zahra

doi:10.5772/63150

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This stigma of alteration of the natural aging process has resulted in debatable historical documentation of the exact origins of facelift surgery. [1][2][3][4] Regardless of this controversy, the first facelift surgery was credited to Eugene Von Hollander, wherein he placed elliptical cutaneous excisions followed by re-approximation of excess skin in the natural crease lines. 5 Although the term superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) was first coined by Mitz and Peronie under the supervision of Tessier in 1976, [6][7][8] the layer is believed to have been originally described by Sir Charles Bell as early as 1799.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Multifilament Suture for SMAS Plication in Rhytidectomy

Wahdan

Saloussy²

2023

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Background: In the public’s mind, rhytidectomy, better known as a facelift procedure, is the technique most closely associated with plastic surgery. When done correctly, it yields highly satisfactory results. The aim of our study was to retrospectively review results of our patients whose procedures were performed using the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) plication technique. Plication was performed with multifilament braided sutures, which provided a sustainable lift and satisfactory results. Methods: This study involves a retrospective review of 137 patients who underwent primary or secondary facelift procedures over a period of 46 months. The average patient age was 59 years, with ages ranging from 30 to 77. Patients were reviewed at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Subjective evaluation based on photographic analysis was performed pre- and postoperatively. Results: All cases included in this study indicated satisfaction with postoperative results on 1 year postoperative review for both the patients and performing surgeons. Four patients presented with a postoperative hematoma that required surgical intervention. One patient developed skin infection that was followed by skin necrosis. Another patient presented with wound infection that resulted in partial wound dehiscence. Both cases were managed conservatively. Conclusions: With the abundance of techniques directed toward the SMAS layer, it has become a pivot point for facelift procedures. This expansion in approaches places emphasis on the SMAS layer and its manipulations. The type of suture material utilized in SMAS plication is, therefore, undoubtedly essential. Our use of braided multifilament sutures for SMAS plication provided satisfactory results at 1-year postoperative review.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has brought forth numerous modifications in manipulations of SMAS, including suspension, plication, and imbrication to compensate for limitations of the subcutaneous lift. 1–4,7,9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Multifilament Suture for SMAS Plication in Rhytidectomy

Wahdan

Saloussy²

2023

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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“…The pre-tragal skin is adjusted and loosely inserted into the retro-tragal position. 8,12 Post Operative Care Patients are told that it frequently takes two to three months to appear excellent in a picture or to be recognized at a significant event. They are also told to anticipate some rigidity and numbness in the facial and submental regions for a period of six to nine months.…”

Section: Skin Flap Repositioning Skin Flap Trimming and Closurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Fundamental Concepts of High SMAS Facelift: Literature Review

Samsarga

Adnyana

Suyata

et al. 2022

Intisari Sains Medis

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A number of facelift procedures have been introduced by many surgeons but there is no consensus has yet been established to carry. Since the first description of superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), it is used as the basis for many facelift methods that produce superior result in rejuvenation compared to traditional skin only facelift. Extended SMAS facelift becoming SMAS modification techniques that is still being developed. It produces two different vector of subcutaneous and SMAS flap, that is essential to restore drooping deep facial tissue with natural appearance. Despite the beneficial use of extended SMAS flap, most of plastic surgeons still traditionally incise the SMAS under the zygomatic arch. However, the low SMAS incision results only on rejuvenation of the lower face and is not sufficient to correct mid-facial aging. Fundamental concepts of high SMAS facelift by reviewing some literatures explain that high SMAS flap transection allowing the surgeon to achieve greater vertical elevation of the deep structures of the face by undermining the middle face, combined with fixation to a fixed structure produces lasting results and oblique vector of skin envelope creating no tension look. Incision above zygomatic arch turns out to be safely performed without facial nerve injury thorough knowledge of the anatomy. The final result is a balanced and harmonious elevation of sagging tissues of the midface, cheek, and jawline, to such an extent that high SMAS facelift becomes optimal, durable, technically simple, reproducible and with a comparatively high safety margin in facelift procedures.

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“…Facelift surgery (rhytidectomy) has long been the gold standard for treating the aging face in both sexes [1]. The procedure is a tedious one, requiring surgeon experience, patient understanding, and acknowledgment of the risks that such a procedure may carry from both parties [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand the corrective procedure, surgeons have to be aware of the facial anatomy as well as the anticipated pitfalls and potential complications [2]. Many authors have attempted to provide their explanations for the physiology of facial aging [4]; the current consensus comes to conclude that facial aging is the outcome of three main tissue changes: (1) Bony changes with loss of support and remodeling, (2) Soft tissue changes (facial muscles, facial fat and retaining ligaments "sagging"), and (3) Skin changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat Injection for Restoration of Facial Volume and Aesthetics Versus Conventional Facelift Surgery

Sherif

Kamel

Naggary

2019

The Egyptian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

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Facial rejuvenation has increased in demand recently. Standard facelift surgery has been challenged by more recent, less invasive techniques; those are heralded to provide a safer and cheaper alternative to selected patients. In this work, we compare simple fat grafting to a full facelift procedure. Patient satisfaction scores were statistically significantly higher in the fat graft group, while surgeons' satisfaction was comparable in both groups. Complication rates were higher in the full facelift group. Blepharoplasty combined with lipofilling seems to be an effective and satisfactory means for facial rejuvenation in suited female patients.

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Facelift: Current Concepts, Techniques, and Principles

Cited by 12 publications

References 62 publications

The Use of Multifilament Suture for SMAS Plication in Rhytidectomy

The Use of Multifilament Suture for SMAS Plication in Rhytidectomy

The Fundamental Concepts of High SMAS Facelift: Literature Review

Fat Injection for Restoration of Facial Volume and Aesthetics Versus Conventional Facelift Surgery

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