Facial Stereotypes of Deviants and Judgments of Guilt or Innocence

Shoemaker, Donald J.; South, Donald R.; Lowe, Jay

doi:10.1093/sf/51.4.427

Cited by 48 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These results are consistent with earlier stuhes on facial stereotypes (e.g., Goldstein, et al, 1984;Shoemaker, et al, 1973), and support Yarmey and Kruschenske's (1995) findings of the existence of facial stereotypes of battered women. It is believed that the process at work here is a type of prototype matching wherein partlclpants have a shared schema of what a battered woman looks hke as compared to a nonbattered woman.…”

Section: Sorting Tasksupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Investigations of facial stereotypes and criminality have shown that undergraduate students and adult members of the general public agree in their selection of male faces which "represent" criminal and noncriminal classes (e.g., Bull & Green, 1980;Goldstein, Chance, & Gilbert, 1984;Shoemaker, South, & Lowe, 1973;Yarmey, 1993). With one exception research on forensically-related stereotypes has concentraced on men Yarmey and Kruschenske (1995) found that photographs of women's faces elicited high consensus among student judges of exemplars of battered and nonbattered women.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Physical Appearance and Judgment of Status as Battered Women

Gula

Yarmey

1998

Percept Mot Skills

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

160 undergraduate students were given a set of 10 photographs or 10 videotaped recordings of women and informed that some of the women were victims of spousal abuse. Half of the participants were asked to select one individual who seemed most likely or least likely to be a battered woman. Participants then sorted another set of photographs or videos of 10 other battered and nonbattered women into the categories according to their guessed status. Analysis showed that certain women were consistently chosen as exemplars of battered or nonbattered women. Categorizations did not correspond with the women's actual status. No reliable differences in category selections or sortings were found between photographed and videotaped presentations of the battered and nonbattered women.

show abstract

Section: Sorting Tasksupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Appearance and Judgment of Status as Battered Women

Gula

Yarmey

1998

Percept Mot Skills

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Stereotypical criminal perpetrators are deemed to be unattractive (Saladin, Saper, & Breen, 1988), have long or shaggy dark hair, tattoos, beady eyes, pock marks, and scars (MacLin & Herrera, 2006). People also readily agree on whether a face looks criminal (Bull & Green, 1980; Bull & McAlpine, 1998; Goldstein, Chance, & Gilbert, 1984; Macrae & Shepherd, 1989; Shoemaker, South, & Lowe, 1973; Valla, Ceci, & Williams, 2011; Yarmey, 1993). Although research has shown that facial appearance has little to no validity for predicting actual behavior (Olivola & Todorov, 2010), stereotypes about criminal appearance have been found to affect legal decision making (e.g., Eberhardt, Davies, Purdie-Vaughns, & Johnson, 2006; MacLin, Downs, MacLin, & Caspers, 2009; Zebrowitz & McDonald, 1991; also see Porter & ten Brinke, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selecting fillers on emotional appearance improves lineup identification accuracy.

Flowe

Klatt

Colloff

2014

Law and Human Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mock witnesses sometimes report using criminal stereotypes to identify a face from a lineup, a tendency known as criminal face bias. Faces are perceived as criminal-looking if they appear angry. We tested whether matching the emotional appearance of the fillers to an angry suspect can reduce criminal face bias. In Study 1, mock witnesses (n = 226) viewed lineups in which the suspect had an angry, happy, or neutral expression, and we varied whether the fillers matched the expression. An additional group of participants (n = 59) rated the faces on criminal and emotional appearance. As predicted, mock witnesses tended to identify suspects who appeared angrier and more criminal-looking than the fillers. This tendency was reduced when the lineup fillers matched the emotional appearance of the suspect. Study 2 extended the results, testing whether the emotional appearance of the suspect and fillers affects recognition memory. Participants (n = 1,983) studied faces and took a lineup test in which the emotional appearance of the target and fillers was varied between subjects. Discrimination accuracy was enhanced when the fillers matched an angry target’s emotional appearance. We conclude that lineup member emotional appearance plays a critical role in the psychology of lineup identification. The fillers should match an angry suspect’s emotional appearance to improve lineup identification accuracy.

show abstract

Stereotypes and recognition memory for faces and voices of good guys and bad guys

Yarmey

1993

Applied Cognitive Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study tested first whether 240 undergraduate students share high consensual agreement in their selection of faces and voices which fit criminal and non-criminal 'occupations'; second, whether there are significant relationships between trait impressions and voice characteristics for persons selected as exemplars of criminals and non-criminals; and third, whether categorization of targets into 'good guys' and 'bad guys' influences recognition memory. Subjects' selections of exemplars of criminals and non-criminals from video recordings of the face and voice, or face-only, or voice-only of 15 white men were done with high confidence in a significantly non-random manner. Significant correlations were found between trait impressions and vocal characteristics in all three presentation modes which differentiated good guys from bad guys. Recognition memory for target voices was significantly inferior to the recognition of face and voice targets, and face-only targets. Recognition confidence scores were significantly higher for good guys over bad guys, especially in the voice-only condition. The results were discussed in terms of the probability that stereotyping of faces and voices can influence decisionmaking in the legal process.

show abstract

Facial Stereotypes of Deviants and Judgments of Guilt or Innocence

Cited by 48 publications

References 6 publications

Physical Appearance and Judgment of Status as Battered Women

Physical Appearance and Judgment of Status as Battered Women

Selecting fillers on emotional appearance improves lineup identification accuracy.

Stereotypes and recognition memory for faces and voices of good guys and bad guys

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About