Facile fabrication of a highly efficient moisture-driven power generator using laser-induced graphitization under ambient conditions

Lee, Sang‐Hee; Eun, Jakyung; Jeon, Sangmin

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104364

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[135] It has been also demonstrated that many other carbon-based materials such as wood and paper can also be graphitized under laser irradiation. [136,137] Thus the laser-induced graphitization technique can extend the range of possible materials that can be used in the construction of MEGs and may minimize fabrication costs in the production of these devices.…”

Section: Graphene Megs With Instananeous Electrical Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture‐Enabled Electricity Generation: From Physics and Materials to Self‐Powered Applications

et al. 2020

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Ongoing efforts to develop this energy have led to the creation of a variety of novel technologies based on photovoltaic, [12,13] piezoelectric, [14,15] triboelectric, [16,17] and thermoelectric principles. [18,19] Devices based on these technologies are readily incorporated into self-powered, battery-free electronic systems. This also acts to eliminate the harm to the environment caused by the use of conventional batteries. [20,21] As recyclable resource, water is not only indispensable to life but also constitutes the largest energy carrier on Earth (Figure 1a). As 71% of the Earth's surface is covered by water and 35% of solar energy incident on the Earth is absorbed by water, petawatts of energy are received in this way. [22] As the water resource is clean and sustainable, the energy contained in even a small fraction of the water on Earth can meet the current global energy demand if this energy can be efficiently harvested. Terrestrial water exists in vapor and liquid form including moisture, rain, clouds, lakes, rivers, and oceans. It also forms the basis for biological systems. Even though there is a long history of electricity generation from running water, most technologies only utilize the gravitational and kinetic energy in liquid water. [23] Such systems are inherently incompatible with the development of self-powered devices. The development of nanomaterials has enabled technology for the extraction of electrical energy from moisture, leading to The exploration of the utilization of sustainable, green energy represents one way in which it is possible to ameliorate the growing threat of the global environmental issues and the crisis in energy. Moisture, which is ubiquitous on Earth, contains a vast reservoir of low-grade energy in the form of gaseous water molecules and water droplets. It has now been found that a number of functionalized materials can generate electricity directly from their interaction with moisture. This suggests that electrical energy can be harvested from atmospheric moisture and enables the creation of a new range of self-powered devices. Herein, the basic mechanisms of moisture-induced electricity generation are discussed, the recent advances in materials (including carbon nanoparticles, graphene materials, metal oxide nanomaterials, biofibers, and polymers) for harvesting electrical energy from moisture are summarized, and some strategies for improving energy conversion efficiency and output power in these devices are provided. The potential applications of moisture electrical generators in self-powered electronics, healthcare, security, information storage, artificial intelligence, and Internet-of-things are also discussed. Some remaining challenges are also considered, together with a number of suggestions for potential new developments of this emerging technology.

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Section: Graphene Megs With Instananeous Electrical Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture‐Enabled Electricity Generation: From Physics and Materials to Self‐Powered Applications

et al. 2020

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“…Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a carbon nanomaterial that can be easily synthesized using a CO2 laser to convert polymer films. [9][10][11][12] This one-step process is inexpensive, scalable, and compatible with patterning. [13] LIG exhibits high electrical conductivity and high porosity, and because of that, it has been used in several applications like supercapacitors [9,13], adsorbents [14], and sensors [15].…”

Section: Preparation Of Qcmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem can be addressed by applying a laser process to the polymer-coated QCM to prepare electrodes and sensing materials in one step at room temperature. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a carbon nanomaterial that can be easily synthesized using a CO 2 laser to convert polymer films [9][10][11][12]. This one-step process is inexpensive, scalable, and compatible with patterning [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Graphene on a Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Humidity Sensing

et al. 2021

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In this study, a simple method for synthesizing graphene layer directly on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) using a laser was developed. This laser-induced graphene (LIG) was used for sensing surface to simultaneously measure changes in the adsorbed mass, film stiffness, and electrical resistance during water adsorption. The developed LIG-QCM is convenient because its fabrication process is free of any tedious masking and vacuuming steps. A thin layer of polyimide (PI) film was spin-coated on one side of a quartz crystal microresonator, and interdigitated electrodes (IDE) were patterned on the PI surface using a laser engraver. The adsorption of water molecules on the sensing surface induced changes in mass, stiffness, and electrical conductivity, which were measured from the changes in resonance frequency, Q factor of the quartz crystal, and electrical resistance, respectively. The results indicated that the developed sensor could be a humidity sensing platform using LIG.

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“…The ion transport is governed by the diffusion of water molecules, which can be triggered by temperature difference [11][12][13][14][15] or concentration difference of water. 7,8,10,[16][17][18][19] Various methods generating electricity from water including triboelectrification, [20][21][22][23] the streaming current, 24,25 the ion-gradient induced electric power generation 19,26 and the development of an interfacial structure 27,28 have been reported. When water diffusion is utilized, the generated voltage (∼1 V) is ade-quate to operate small wearable electronic devices, compared to the tiny voltage from thermoelectrics 12,29 and large voltage from triboelectrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%