Facile fabrication of Fe3O4 nanoparticle/carbon nanofiber aerogel from Fe-ion cross-linked cellulose nanofibrils as anode for lithium-ion battery with superhigh capacity

Recent Progress on Nanocellulose Aerogels: Preparation, Modification, Composite Fabrication, Applications

“…In another example, similar Fe 3 O 4 –carbon hybrid aerogels were fabricated via an easy ion‐crosslinking method followed by pyrolysis. [ 154 ] Comparing the rate performance with that of a Fe 3 O 4 /C‐based anode, the 3D network of Fe 3 O 4 /CNF aerogels not only improved the ion transportation but also prevented aggregation and volume swelling of Fe 3 O 4 during Li insertion. The composite aerogel presented an excellent reversible capacity (1635 mAh g −1 , 100 cycles, 1 A g −1 ) and a superior rate performance (1025 mAh g −1 , 4 A g −1 ).…”

Electrochemical methods for materials recycling

“…In electrocoagulation cells, iron anodes have been used to produce Fe(II) which then can be used to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III). 23,60,61 Cr(OH) 3 and Fe(OH) 3 both precipitate and must be separated, often including a filter. In Scheme 4 the left diagram shows a schematic for the setup of an electrocoagulation cell while the right diagram demonstrates the electrochemical mechanism of floc and sludge production particular to the conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and its subsequent collection.…”

“…Unlike highly branched biopolymers such as lignin, cellulose exhibits a high degree of crystallinity. Due to its ubiquity, cellulose has generated much interest both in functionalizing the polymeric form for new applications, 76 using it as a carbon source for new materials, 3,77 and in breaking it down to generate useful products such as sugars, carboxylic acids, polyols, and furans, some examples of which are depicted in Fig. 3.…”

“…The three main principles of the circular economy are designing out waste and pollution, keeping products and materials in use for as long as possible, and regenerating natural systems. 3 Essentially, in a circular economy, products are designed both to last longer and to use less material in the first place. Part of the design process is also dedicated to creating a plan for refurbishing and recycling end-of-life products that still contain useful materials or components (Fig.…”

Carbon nanofiber-based three-dimensional nanomaterials for energy and environmental applications

“…It has been found that the fabrication of a 3D CNF structure produced a large accessible active surface area and efficient carbon active sites, which were ideal for promoting electrolyte permeation, accelerating electron transfer, and limiting volume expansion to improve the performance of batteries. 81 The use of a 3D CNF matrix as the substrate material is an effective way to solve the problem of the lithium metal deposition/dissolution cycle. For instance, Matsuda found that the conductivity of CNFs was an important factor determining the deposition behavior of Li + in 3D CNF matrices.…”