Facile method to produce sub-1 nm pore-rich carbon from biomass wastes for high performance supercapacitors

A novel Ni/Co metal–organic framework with a porous organic polymer material as a ligand for a high-performance supercapacitor and a glucose sensor

“…8 Due to its huge specific surface area, high porosity and strong designability, the MOF has gained a lot of interest from researchers working on electrode materials for supercapacitors. [9][10][11][12][13] In comparison to other [14][15][16][17][18] electrode materials of supercapacitors, the MOF can provide not only metal nodes that contain metal ions with different valences like metal oxides 19,20 but also pore sizes that match the electrolyte ions like carbon materials 21,22 and conductive polymers. 23,24 Therefore, its capacitance can be improved from two aspects at the same time: the pseudocapacitance brought by the redox reaction of the metal node and the double-layer capacitance brought by the pore structure.…”

Co‐pyrolysis of Lotus Pollen and Ammonium Nitrate to Produce Graphene‐Like Porous Carbon with Charge and Mass Transfer Highways for High‐Performance Supercapacitor

“…Centeno et al [10] produced PCs using steam and CO 2 activation at pyrolysis temperature of 800 ∼ 927 °C, which exhibited an ultramicroporous structure with the specific capacitance of 100 ∼ 150 F g À 1 . Li et al [11] prepared sub-1 nm PCs from walnut shell by KOH activation at 700 °C, having a specific capacitance of 298.7 F g À 1 at 1 A g À 1 current density. But these activation methods usually require higher pyrolysis temperature or postactivation washing to remove the excess activating agents or templating agents.…”

“…produced PCs using steam and CO 2 activation at pyrolysis temperature of 800∼927 °C, which exhibited an ultra‐microporous structure with the specific capacitance of 100∼150 F g −1 . Li et al [11] . prepared sub‐1 nm PCs from walnut shell by KOH activation at 700 °C, having a specific capacitance of 298.7 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 current density.…”

“…To obtain a large specific surface area, porosification is the best choice. Varieties of physical activators ( e. g ., steam, CO 2 ), [9,10] chemical activators ( e. g ., KOH, ZnCl 2 , K 2 FeO 4 ) [9,11] and templating agent ( e. g ., silica) [12,13] are used to convert biomass into PCs with porous structure. Centeno et al [10] .…”

“…[7,8] To obtain a large specific surface area, porosification is the best choice. Varieties of physical activators (e. g., steam, CO 2 ), [9,10] chemical activators (e. g., KOH, ZnCl 2 , K 2 FeO 4 ) [9,11] and templating agent (e. g., silica) [12,13] are used to convert biomass into PCs with porous structure. Centeno et al [10] produced PCs using steam and CO 2 activation at pyrolysis temperature of 800 ∼ 927 °C, which exhibited an ultramicroporous structure with the specific capacitance of 100 ∼ 150 F g À 1 .…”