Facile Method to Synthesize N-Graphene Nano Sheets

Siburian, Rikson; Dewiratih,; Andiayani,; Perangin‐angin, Sabarmin; Sembiring, Helmina Br.; Sihotang, Herlince; Raja, Saur Lumban; Supeno, Minto; Pasaribu, Nursahara; Simanjuntak, Crystina; Pratiwi, Sri Handika

doi:10.13005/ojc/3404035

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, the well fabrication and bonding of the Pd 3 Cu 7 on hBNNs resulted in the arrival of the peak at 2952 cm −1 corresponding to the −CH stretching along with a slight shifting of the original peak of the substrate, which could be due to the interaction of alloy catalyst with the substrate and the formation of nanosheet layers. 39 Likewise, the catalyst fabricated on the ZrO 2 substrate is also characterized by FTIR analysis shown in Figure 5g, the peaks at 1645 and 1407 cm −1 of ZrO 2 support correspond to the Zr−OH stretching and bending vibration modes, respectively, and 1113 and 759 cm −1 signify the Zr−O stretching and bending vibrations, whereas in the case of the Pd 3 Cu 7 @ZrO 2 material, the −CH alkyl (2925 and 2843 cm −1 ) stretching vibration is noticed along with the substrate peaks, which is due to the decoration of the Pd 3 Cu 7 Oh alloy. 40 The FTIR spectra of GO and Pd 3 Cu 7 @GONs are given in Figure 5h, where in the case of only GO, several peaks are observed due to the presence of many functional groups, which is also observed in the case of the Pd 3 Cu 7 @GONs catalyst.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Octahedral Pd₃Cu₇ Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective

Swain,

Iqbal,

Patil

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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This work showcases a novel strategy for the synthesis of shape-dependent alloy nanostructures with the incorporation of solid substrates, leading to remarkable enhancements in the electrocatalytic performance. Herein, an aqueous medium approach has been used to synthesize an octahedral Pd X Cu Y alloy of different Pd:Cu ratios to better comprehend their electrocatalytic potential. With the aim to outperform high activity and efficient stability, zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), graphene oxide nanosheets (GONs), and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (hBNNs) solid substrates are occupied to decorate the optimized Pd 3 Cu 7 catalyst with a minimum 5 wt % metal loading. When compared to the counterparts and different ratios, the Pd 3 Cu 7 @ hBNNs catalyst exhibited an optimal activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The lower overpotential and Tafel values observed are 64 and 51 mV/dec for Pd 3 Cu 7 @hBNNs followed by Pd 3 Cu 7 @ZrO 2 , which showed a 171 mV overpotential and a 98 mV/dec Tafel value, respectively. Meanwhile, the Pd 3 Cu 7 @GONs were found to have a 202 mV overpotential and a 110 mV/dec Tafel value. The density functional theory, which achieves a lower free energy (ΔG H* ) value for Pd 3 Cu 7 @hBNNs than the other catalysts for HER, further supports its excellent performance in achieving the Volmer−Heyrovsky mechanism path. Moreover, the superior HER activity and sturdier resilience after 8 h of stability may be due to the synergy between the metal atoms, monodisperse decoration, and the coordination effect of the support material.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Octahedral Pd₃Cu₇ Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective

Swain,

Iqbal,

Patil

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…[41,46] Synthesis of N-GNS: Graphene powder then was reduced using 5 mL NH 3 10 M and it was stirred for 72 h. Then, the solution was filtered and dried at 100 C to produce N-graphene powder. [47] Preparation of Mg Standard Solution: The Mg standard solutions (100 and 10 mg L À1 ) were prepared by diluting 10 mL of Mg solution with concentrations of 1000 and 100 ppm in a 100 mL measuring flask with distilled water, respectively. Then, to make standard solutions of Mg 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mg L À1 , we diluted 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mL of standard 10 mg L À1 Mg solution in 100 mL measuring flasks with distilled water, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Material Battery Based on Mg/C‐π

et al. 2021

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The rapid advancement of technology in the modern era has led to an increase in battery requirements. [1] Batteries are electrochemical devices that are able to convert chemical energy into electrical energy and can store electrical energy in the form of chemical energy through electrochemical reactions, which involve the transfer of electrons from between other materials through an electrical circuit. [2] Ideal batteries should have high specific energy and power density, [3,4] low cost, [5] resistance to interference, [6] and good life cycle. [7,8] One of the most widely used battery types today is the Li-ion battery. [9] This battery became popular because it has various advantages such as specific capacity (100-180 Ah kg À1 ), [10] no memory effect, [11] and environmental-friendly property, because the power reduction process is slow when not in use, [12] energy can be increased by the chargeÀdischarge process, [13] gravimetric density in electrical equipment applications (94 Wh kg À1 ) is higher than NiÀCd batteries (35 Wh kg À1 ) and NiÀMH (47 Wh kg À1 ), [14] specific power (300 W kg À1 ), [15] and a relatively long life cycle (%1000 cycles). [16] The LiB-based electrode material provides an advantage in its use because Li has a standard potential (-3.05 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode), has the lowest atomic mass (6.94 g mol À1 , ρ ¼ 0.53 g cm À3 ) of all metals, [17] and has the third smallest radius (145 pm) compared with other single charged ions so that it is able to diffuse ionically well. [18] Li (alkali metal) is able to remove its valence electrons easily and act as a graphene N-doping agent, so that it can form strong ionic bonds (with LiÀgraphene spacing as 0.25 nm) to modify the magnetic and electronic properties of graphene. [19,20] The atomic charges of Li and Li þ in the Li/graphene alloy are þ0.654 and þ0.721, respectively, indicating that Li has dual properties, namely, as an electron donor and acceptor on the graphene surface. [21,22] However, until now, there are still various problems in the development of Li-based LiB electrode materials, namely, 1) the expensive price of Li raw material (%$6000/ton) and [23] the decreasing availability of lithium metal in nature [24] and 2) Li, as a chemically reactive metal with its anode surface, shows dendritic growth at high current densities, which can cause internal short circuits and serious safety issues and can damage performance and reduce battery life. [25]

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“…The introduction of defects in the graphene structure can be done by using dopants such as nitrogen, hydrogen, boron, and sulfur. Nitrogen is the most commonly used dopant material because it has an atomic size which is similar to C and also the atomic mass of N is closest to carbon and the electron-rich nature of the N atom [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. By inserting nitrogen dopants into the graphene structure, it causes the interaction and bonding between the N atom and carbon atom (C—N); the N atom can donate its electrons to the graphene system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Materials for Battery Electrode Prototypes

et al. 2023

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In this article, we present the performance of Copper (Cu)/Graphene Nano Sheets (GNS) and C—π (Graphite, GNS, and Nitrogen-doped Graphene Nano Sheets (N—GNS)) as a new battery electrode prototype. The objectives of this research are to develop a number of prototypes of the battery electrode, namely Cu/GNS//Electrolyte//C—π, and to evaluate their respective performances. The GNS, N—GNS, and primary battery electrode prototypes (Cu/GNS/Electrolyte/C—π) were synthesized by using a modified Hummers method; the N-doped sheet was obtained by doping nitrogen at room temperature and the impregnation or the composite techniques, respectively. Commercial primary battery electrodes were also used as a reference in this research. The Graphite, GNS, N—GNS, commercial primary batteries electrode, and battery electrode prototypes were analyzed using an XRD, SEM-EDX, and electrical multimeter, respectively. The research data show that the Cu particles are well deposited on the GNS and N—GNS (XRD and SEM—EDX data). The presence of the Cu metal and electrolytes (NH4Cl and MnO2) materials can increase the electrical conductivities (335.6 S cm−1) and power density versus the energy density (4640.47 W kg−1 and 2557.55 Wh kg−1) of the Cu/GNS//Electrolyte//N—GNS compared to the commercial battery (electrical conductivity (902.2 S cm−1) and power density versus the energy density (76 W kg−1 and 43.95 W kg−1). Based on all of the research data, it may be concluded that Cu/GNS//Electrolyte//N—GNS can be used as a new battery electrode prototype with better performances and electrical activities.

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Facile Method to Synthesize N-Graphene Nano Sheets

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Octahedral Pd₃Cu₇ Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective

Octahedral Pd₃Cu₇ Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective

The New Material Battery Based on Mg/C‐π

The New Materials for Battery Electrode Prototypes

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Facile Method to Synthesize N-Graphene Nano Sheets

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Octahedral Pd3Cu7 Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective

Octahedral Pd3Cu7 Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective

The New Material Battery Based on Mg/C‐π

The New Materials for Battery Electrode Prototypes

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Octahedral Pd₃Cu₇ Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective

Octahedral Pd₃Cu₇ Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective