Facile Microwave Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZnFe2O4/rGO Nanocomposites and Their Ultra-Fast Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye

Abstract

The industry development in the last 200 years has led to to environmental pollution. Dyes emitted by pharmaceutical and other industries are major organic pollutants. Organic dyes are a pollutant that must be removed from the environment. In this work, we adopt a facile microwave hydrothermal method to synthesize ZnFe2O4/rGO (ZFG) adsorbents and investigate the effect of synthesis temperature. The crystal structure, morphology, chemical state, and magnetic property of the nanocomposite are investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and a vibrating sample magnetometer. Furthermore, the synthesized ZFGs are used to remove methylene blue (MB) dye, and the adsorption kinetics, isotherm, mechanism, and reusability of this nanomaterial are studied. The optimal ZFG nanocomposite had a dye removal percentage of almost 100%. The fitting model of adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model. The isotherm model followed the Langmuir isotherm and the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of optimal ZFG calculated by this model was 212.77 mg/g. The π–π stacking and electrostatic interaction resulted in a high adsorption efficiency of ZFG for MB adsorption. In addition, this nanocomposite could be separated by a magnet and maintain its dye removal percentage at almost 100% removal after eight cycles, which indicates its high suitability for utilization in water treatment.

One-step preparation, characterization, and anticancer potential of ZnFe2O4/RGO nanocomposites

“…Furthermore, average crystal sizes were increased with RGO doping, which was calculated by the Scherrer equation ( Patterson, 1939 ) . XRD results show the successful synthesis of the ZnFe 2 O 4 /RGO NCs, which agrees with previous studies ( Kaur et al, 2018 , Wang and Shih, 2021 ). As shown in the SEM image, ZnFe 2 O 4 NPs displayed uniform distributions of spherical particles with agglomerations ( Sripriya et al, 2018 ) .…”

Activated Carbon/ZnFe2O4 Nanocomposite Adsorbent for Efficient Removal of Crystal Violet Cationic Dye from Aqueous Solutions

“…In Figure 6B, the TEM morphology of ZnFe 2 O 4 revealed moderate aggregation of primarily particles with counted particle sizes (n = 22) of 14.30 ± 4.34 nm, which is less than that suggested by SEM. Such structural morphology of ZnFe 2 O 4 was also seen by Abbasian et al [36], and the particle sizes are close to that reported by Wang and Shih (12.1 nm) [43]. Figure 6C shows TEM image of ZFAC nanocomposite in which a relatively uniform distribution of metal oxide nanoparticles on the AC surface can be observed.…”

Experimental modelling studies on the removal of dyes and heavy metal ions using ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles

“…In optimum conditions of pH = 8, initial concentration = 10 mg L −1 , adsorbent dose = 10 mg, reaction time = 30 min and temperatur = 298 K, the removal efficiency of 98% was achieved. The results showed that ZnFe 2 O 4 /rGO Nanocomposites could act as a readily available, eco-friendly, and cost-effective adsorbent to remove dyes from wastewater of various industries 18 .…”